FARMS 



97 



my pastures with plaster, using about a ton in a year; 

 and have also annually applied 300 weight of guano 

 to different darts of my land. 



The low swampy portions of my farm have been 

 brought to a high state of culture by means of drain- 

 ing. A large portion of my drains have been open • 

 yet I have under-drained to the distance of from thirty 

 to forty rods, Avhich I much prefer to open draining. 

 My under drains are laid so low as to freely admit of 

 plowing over them. I usually plow about eight inches 

 deep and have never yet subsoiled. 



My cattle have been native stock, crossed with the 

 Devon. 



I regard a horse team as the cheapest and most 

 expert in the transaction of almost all farming 

 operations. I have sometimes kept oxen, but rely 

 mainly on one well-trained horse. Instead of making 

 butter and cheese, I sell my milk for market, the gross 

 income of which, and my calves, for the last ten years, 

 has been $400 per annum. 



I have cultivated fruit to some extent, consisting of 

 apples, peaches and cherries. My cherries have been 

 confined to a few trees, which promise well. My 

 peaches have grown well and yielded well for a few 

 seasons, but have soon fallen under the severity of our 

 winters. The old apple trees on my farm have died 

 out, or been converted into select fruit. Since I 

 commenced its occupancy in 1835, 1 have raised, 

 budded with my own hands, and transplanted 201 

 apple trees. ^ I set them twenty by thirty feet apart } 

 they are just beginning to bear, and by their healthy 

 vigorous appearance, promise to be very prolific. For 



