LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xxiii 



FIG. PAGE 



XI. 1. The Flower of the Lesser Butterfly Orchid (ffabenaria 



bifolia, Rothb.). Enlarged . . . .137 



2. A Pollinium. Much enlarged. 



XII. The Pollinium of an Orchid as removed from the flower, 

 adhering by the disc to the end of a needle. Much 

 magnified ..,,... 139 



1. The position immediately after removal from the 



flower. 



2. The position assumed shortly afterwards. 



XIII. The Underground Stem or Corm of the Spring Crocus 



(Crocus vernus, All.), in Spring. (The scale-leaves have 

 been removed.) . . . , . ..153 



XIV. Stages in the development of the Fruit of the Water 



Avens (Geum rivale, Linn.) . . . .158 



XV. Section of a Flower of the Field Pansy (Viola tricolor, 



Linn.) . . , * ' * * 16 



XVI. Ripe Fruit of the Field Pansy (Viola tricolor, Linn.), 

 shooting out its seeds. The top valve has not yet 

 lost any seeds ; the left valve has lost one row ; the 

 right valve, two rows. Enlarged v . . 163 



XVII. The Corm or Underground Stem of Colchicum, the 



Meadow Saffron . f , . . . 167 



XVIII. Plants of the Harebell (Campanula rotundifolia, Linn.). 

 That on the left grown in the Lowlands ; that on the 

 right in an Alpine garden. (After Bonnier) . , 201 



XIX. The Common Butterwort (Pinguicula vulgaris, Linn.) . 213 



1. Transverse section of a leaf, showing the glands on 



the upper surface. Somewhat enlarged. 



2. A side view of a gland. \, r . 



3. Asurfaceviewof a gland. /Much enlarged. 



XX. A Staminode from a Flower of the Grass-of-Parnassus 



(Parnassia palustris, Linn.). Much magnified . . 217 



XXI. Stamen of a Bilberry (Vaccinium) . . . . 223 



