192 THE HIGH ALPINE PLANTS 



to speak, in the High Alps, as, for instance, the 

 Androsaces. On the other hand, the Gentians are 

 represented by two High Alpine species, Gentiana 

 brachyphylla, Vill., and G. tenella, Rottb. (see 

 Chapter II.), which are rosette plants, but the High 

 Alpine Saxifrages, Saxifraga androsacea, Linn. (Plate 

 XXXVI., Fig. 2), S. Seguieri, Spr., S. muscoides, All. 

 ( = S. planifolia, Lap.,) S. exarata, Vill., and S. aphylla, 

 Sternb. ( = S. stenopetala, Gaud.), are all tufted or 

 cushion-building species, and not true rosette plants. 

 Of the three High Alpine Rampions, Phyteuma 

 pamiflorum, Linn. (P. pedemontanum, Schulz), alone 

 has true rosettes, for P. humile, Schleich, and P. 

 hemisphwricum, Linn., are tufted plants. The blue- 

 flowered Arabis c&rulea, Haenke, however, with 

 Draba Wahlenbergii, Hartm., and D. carinthiaca, 

 Hoppe ( = D. johannis, Host.), all three Cruciferous 

 species, go to swell the number of rosette plants in 

 the High Alpine zone. 



HIGH ALPINE DWARF PLANTS. 



For want of a better term, we may include under 

 the heading of High Alpine dwarf plants, those species 

 growing at great elevations in the Swiss Alps, which, 

 as regards their habit, are not markedly dissimilar 

 except in stature, from their near relatives in the 

 Lowlands. Many of them rarely exceed 4 inches in 

 height, and they are often less. The leaves, for the 

 most part, are borne just above the surface of the 

 ground, and though they are not arranged in true 



