GLOSSARY OF BOTANICAL TERMS 319 



Scale-leaves, reduced leaves which have generally only a 



protective (p. 167) or storage function. 

 Scape, a floral axis arising from the ground, and terminating in 



a single flower e.g., Daffodil. 

 Schizocarp, a splitting fruit, in which the pericarp divides into 



two or more one-seeded portions. 

 Seed, a fertilised ovule. 

 Seed-coat, a covering of the seed, derived from one or more 



integuments of the ovule (pp. 265, 266). 

 Selective Capacity, the power possessed by roots of selecting 



certain special substances from among those in solution in 



the soil (p. 77). 

 Self-pollination, the act of placing the pollen of one flower on 



the stigma of the same flower. This results in self- 

 fertilisation (pp. 52, 278). 

 Semiparasite, a plant deriving part of its nutriment from the 



tissues of another plant ; cf. Parasite (p. 218). 

 Sepal, a unit of the calyx, or outer series of a differentiated 



floral envelope. 

 Sessile, stalkless. 

 Shade-leaves, leaves growing under conditions of poor 



illumination (pp. 84, 247, 253). 



Shrub, a woody perennial, without an erect or main trunk. 

 Spadix, a fleshy spike, 



Spathe, a sheath-like leaf, enveloping an inflorescence. 

 Species (plural Species), a classificatory unit ; a unit of a 



genus ; one sort or kind of plant (pp. 15, 249). 

 Sperms = male gametes (q.v .). 



Spike, a simple inflorescence, in which the flowers are stalk- 

 less and attached directly to a central axis ; a sessile 



raceme. 



Spiral = Acyclic (q.v.). 

 Sporangium, a sac containing spores. 

 Spur, a prolongation of a perianth member, usually tubular. 



