74 PLANT LIFE OF ALABAMA. 



Among the largely predominating Compositae tall rosin weeds and 

 coarse sunflowers are conspicuous, particularly the former, which 

 present a number of types rarely or not at all observed in the State 

 outside of this subdivision; for example, Silphiurn mohrii and S. 

 gatesii, both known from Cullman County; S. trifoliatum, ranging 

 from the plains of the Ohio Valley to the Central Prairie region; S. 

 laevigatum, Helianthiix schweinitzii, .and II. glaucus, from the lower 

 mountains of South Carolina and Georgia, and S. compositum, abund- 

 ant throughout the region. The following are frequent in dry thin 

 soils all over the Mountain region, some extending all over the State: 



Helianthus atrorubens. Lactuca hirsuta. 



Helianthus hirsutus. Lactuca sagittaefoli<i. ] 



Helianthus microcephaly*. Nabalus fraseri* 



Helianthus divaricatus. Lechea racemidosa . 



Heliopsis helianthoides. Lechea leggetiii. 



Parthenium integri folium. Koellia pycnantheinoides. 



Sericocarpus asteroid es. Blephilia ciliata. 



Aster divaricatus. Monarda fistulosa. 



Eupatorlum sessilifolium. Monarda bradburiana. 



Solidago caesia.^ Dasystoma virgiiiictt. 1 



Solidago erecta. Gerardia tenuifoli(t. } 



Chrysopsis mariana. 1 Physalisviiyiii'mini. 



Brauneria purpurea. Physalis pubescem. 



RudbecTda hirta. 1 Physalis pruinosa. 



Rudbeckia spathulata. 1 Sabbatia boykh/ii. 



Coreopsis grandiflora. 1 Thaspium aureum trifoliaium. 1 



Coreopsis pubescens. l Oxalis recurva. l 



Coreopsis auriculata.^ Tragia urticaefolia. 1 



Carduus virginicus. Meibomia (many species) . 



Andropogon virginicus. } Lespedeza (many species) . 



Vicia ccvroliniana 1 and buflfalo clover, Trifolium reflexum, are fre- 

 quent on these table-lands, and Lathyrus venosus in Alabama is con- 

 lined to them. 



Strictly m.esophile herbaceous plant associations. Ferns abound in 

 the shade of the forests. Characteristic species are : 



Adiantum pedatum. Botrychium obliquum. 1 



Asplenium platyneuron. 1 Dryopteris noveboracensis. 



Phegopteris hexagonoptera. Dryopteris marginata. 



Botrychium virginicum.* Dryopteris acrostichoides. 1 



Asplenium angustifolium, which is most frequent in the Ohio valley, 

 occurs veiy rarely. Of grasses and sedges Muhlenbergia dijfusa forms 

 dense plots, and the following prefer the shade of woods: 



Brachyelytrum erectum. Poa autumnalis. 1 



Festuca nutans. Car ex laxiflora. 1 



Festuca shortii. Carex laxiflora varians. 



Poa sylvestris. Carex laxiflora patulifolia. 



1 Occurs also in the Louisianian area. 



2 Nabalus Hook., as a strictly American genus, has been reinstated, differing in 

 habits of growth and distribution and essential morphological characters from Pre- 

 nanthes, with which it was connected by later authors, but which is exclusively con- 

 fined to Europe. 



