BIRCH FAMILY. 467 



Type locality: "Native of North America." 

 Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Molir. 



Corylus americaiia Walt. Fl. Car. 236. 1788. 



Ell. Sk. 2 : 611. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 474. Chap. Fl. 423; 



Alleghenian and Carolinian areas. Ontario to Assiniboia; New England west to 

 Minnesota, Dakota, Nebraska, and Arkansas, south to New Jersey, upper district of 

 Carolina and Georgia. 



ALABAMA: Tennessee Valley. Coosa Valley, dry woods. Claibome County, 

 (E. A. Smith). Lauderdale County, river hills. Flowers in March; fruit ripe 

 September' October. Not frequent. 



Economic uses : The nuts are edible. 



Type locality: South Carolina. 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



BETULA L. Sp. PI. 2 : 982. 1753. BIRCH. 



About 30 species, boreal and temperate zones of Northern Hemisphere, Europe and 

 Asia. North America, 11. Deciduous trees. 



Betula lenta L. Sp. PL 2:983. 1753. CHERRY BIRCH. MOUNTAIN MAHOGANY. 



Bet-ula exceUa Ait. Hort. Kew. 3 : 337. 1789. 



Ell. Sk. 2 : 617. Gray, Man. ed. 6 : 471. Chap. Fl. 428. Sargent, Silv. N. A. 9 : 50, 

 t. 447. 



Canadian zone, Alleghenian and Carolinian areas. Newfoundland, Ontario; New 

 England to northern Delaware, south along the mountains 3,000 to 5,000 feet to 

 Georgia. 



ALABAMA: Mountain region. Rocky ridges of greatest elevation. Clay County, 

 Chehawhaw Range, 2,400 feet; shrubby, scarcely over 4 feet high. Winston 

 County, rocky banks Sipsey fork, 1,600 feet; tree of medium size. Very rare. 



Economic iises : On its extreme southern limit of no importance, being of stunted 

 growth. 



Type locality : " Hab. in Virginia, Canada." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Betula nigra L. Sp. PI. 2 : 982. 1753. BLACK BIRCH. 



Betula r libra Michx. f. Hist. Arb. Am. 2 : 142. 1812. 



Ell. Sk. 2 : 616. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 472. Chap. Fl. 428. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 

 2 : 413. Sargent, Silv. N. A. 9 : 61, t. 452. 



Allegheniau to Louisiauian area. New England, west to Minnesota, Nebraska, 

 and eastern Kansas, south to New Jersey, Florida, and the Gulf States, west to 

 Texas and Arkansas. 



ALABAMA: Over the State. Of largest dimensions and most frequent on river 

 banks of the Lower hills, as for example, on the Mulberry Fork of the Warrior 

 River in Blonnt County, and Marriotts Creek in Cullmau County. 



Economic uses: Timber tree of lesser value. 



Type locality : " Hab. in Virginia, Cnnada." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



ALNUS Gaertn. Fruct. 2 : 54, t. 90. 1791. ALDER. 



Fourteen species, cooler and temperate regions. Europe, Asia, South America, 

 South Africa. Extratropical South America. North America, 8 species. Deciduous 

 trees. 



Almis rugosa (Du Roi) Koch, Deudrol. 2 : 635. 1872. 



Betula alnns rugosa Du Roi, Harbk. 1 : 112. 1771. 



Alnns serrulata Willd. Sp. PL 4 : 336. 1805. 



Ell. Sk. 2:567. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 473. Chap. FL 429. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 

 2:413. 



Allegheuian to Louisianian area. New England west to Michigan, south to Flor- 

 ida and the Gulf States, west to eastern Texas and Arkansas. 



ALABAMA: Throughout the State. Low banks of streams, common. Flowers in 

 February. 



Economic uses : The bark, known as "alder bark," is used as a dyestuff, and in 

 domestic medicine. 



Type locality of A. serrulata : " Hab. a Pensylvania ad Carolinam." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb, Mohr. 



