MULBERRY FAMILY. 475 



PLANERA Gmel. Syst. PI. 1:150. 1791. PLANER TREE. 



Monotypical North American deciduous aquatic tree. 

 Planera aquatica (Walt.) Gmel. Syst. PL 1 : 150. 1791. 



Anonymos aquatica Walt. Fl. Car. 230. 1788. 



Planera gmelini Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2 : 248. 1803. 



Ell. Sk. 2 : 584. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 463. Chap. Fl. 417. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 

 2:407. Sargent, Silv. N. A. 7:61, 316. 



Carolinian and Louisianian areas. From the Trinity Valley, Texas, southern 

 Arkansas to southern Alabama and western Florida along the Atlantic coast to North 

 Carolina (Cape Fear River). Western Tennessee, southern Illinois (Gray, Man.). 



ALABAMA: Central Pine belt to Coast plain. Densely shaded river banks almost 

 perpetually overflowed. Montgomery County. Clarke County, Lisbon. Mobile 

 County, Mount Vernon (Davis Lake). Flowers February; fruit ripe early in April, 

 not rare. A low tree 20 to 30 feet high, scarcely over 1 foot in diameter. 



Type locality : South Carolina. 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



CELTIS L. Sp. PL 2 : 1044. 1753. NETTLE TREE. 



Fifty to 60 species, temperate and warmer regions. North America, 5 or 6. United 

 States and Canada, 2 or 3. Deciduous trees, more rarely shrubs. 



Celtis mississippiensis Bosc, Eucycl. Agr. 7 : 577. 1822. 



SOUTHERN HACKBERRY. SUGARBERRY. 



Celtis laevigata Willd. Berl. Baumz. ed. 2, 81. 1811. 



Gray, Man. ed. 6, 463. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2 : 407. Sargent, Silv. N. A. 

 7 : 71, t. 318. 



Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Frequent all over the Gulf and South Atlantic 

 States to middle Tennessee, southern Illinois, southwestern Kentucky, west to central 

 Texas, Arkansas, Indian Territory, and southern Kansas. 



ALABAMA: From the Tennessee Valley to the coast plain, excepting the valleys of 

 the highest level in the mountain region. In rich woods. Of largest size and most 

 frequent in the bottom lauds of the Alabama and Tombigbee rivers and their larger 

 tributaries. Lauderdale and Florence counties. Cullman County, Marriotts 

 Creek. Tuscaloosa, Montgomery and Mobile counties. Baldwin County, Stockton. 

 Frequent. 



Economic uses: Valuable timber tree. 



Type locality not ascertained. 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Celtis occideiitalis L. Sp. PL 2 : 1044. 1753. SUGARBERRY. HACKBERRY. 



Gray, Man. ed. 6, 463. Chap. Fl. 417. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2 : 407. 



Alleghenian and Carolinian areas. New England to Ontario, Minnesota, Nebraska, 

 and Colorado, south to Texas, and from New Jersey to Tennessee and Georgia. 



ALABAMA: Metamorphic hills. Rocky banks. Clay County (Baker $ Earle). 



At its southern limit a tree of about medium size. 



Type locality : " Hab in Virginia." 



Celtis occidentalis pumila (Pursh) Gray, Man. ed. 2, 397. 1856. 



SCRUBBY SUGARBERRY. 



Celtis pumila Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 1:200. 1814. 



Gray, Man. ed. 6, 463. Chap. Fl. 417. 



Carolinian and Louisianiau areas. Maryland to western Florida, Texas, and 

 southern Arkansas. 



ALABAMA : Prairie region. Upper division Coast Pine belt. Dry rocky banks and 

 hillsides. Hale County, bald prairies, Gallion. Straggling shrub, rarely over 10 

 feet high. Flowers April ; fruit ripe September, purplish black. 



Type locality: "On the banks of rivers: Maryland and Virginia." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



MORACEAE. Mulberry Family. 



TOXYLON Raf. Am. Month. Mag. 2 : 118. 1817. Bois D'ARC. 

 (MACLURA Nutt. Gen. 2 : 233. 1818.) 



Toxylon pomiferum Raf. Am. Month. Mag. 2 : 118. 1817. OSAGE ORANGE. 



Madura aurantiaca Nutt. Gen. 2 : 234. 1818. 

 Gray, Man. ed. 6, 464. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2 : 408. Sargent, Silv. N. A. 7 : 89, 



1. 122, 123. 



