MOONSEED FAMILY. 517 



BERBEBIDACEAE. Barberry Family. 



PODOPHYLLUM L. Sp. PI. 1 : 505. 1753. 



Five species, temperate aud warmer regions, eastern Asia, Japan, China. North 

 America, 1. 

 Podophyllum peltatum L. Sp. PI. 1 : 505. 1753. MANDRAKE. MAY APPLE. 



Ell. Sk. 2 : 14. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 54. Chap. Fl. 18. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 1 : 72. 



Alleghenian to Louisianian area. Ontario and New England west to Minnesota, 

 Nebraska, and Kansas, south to western Florida, Louisiana, and Arkansas. 



ALABAMA : Tennessee Valley to the Coast plain . Most frequent in open rich woods in 

 calcareous soil throughout the mountains southward, rare. Winston, Lawrence, 

 Madison, Tuscaloosa, and Clarke counties. Baldwin County, Silvers Mill. Flowers 

 white, March; fruit ripe in May Perennial. 



Economic uses: The root, "mandrake root/' "Podophyllum," United States Phar- 

 macopeia, is used medicinally. 



Type locality : " Hab. in America septentrionali." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



C AULOPHYLLUM Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1 : 204. 1803. 



Caulophyllum thalictroides (L. ) Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1 : 205. 1803. BLUE COHOSH. 



Leontice thalictroides L. Sp. PI. 1 : 312. 1753. 



Ell. Sk. 1 : 411. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 53. Chap. Fl. 17. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 1 : 70. 



JAPAN, MANCHURIA. 



Alleghenian and Carolinian areas. New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario; New Eng- 

 land west to Minnesota and Nebraska; Ohio Valley to Missouri; south along the 

 mountains to South Carolina. 



ALABAMA: Mountain region. Rich shady woods. Madison County, Montesano, 

 1,500 feet. Flowers white, May 1; fruit ripe in June; rare. Perennial. 



Economic uses: The rhizoma and roots are the blue cohosh of medicine "Caulo- 

 phyllum," United States Pharmacopoeia. 



Type locality : " Hab. in Virginia." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



MENISPERMACEAE. Moonseed Family. 



CEBATHA Forsk. Fl. Aegypt. 171. 1755. 

 (COCCULUS DC. Syst. Veg. 1:515. 1818.) 



About 30 species, perennials, climbers, tropical Asia, Africa, Australia. South 

 Atlantic North America, 1. 



Cebatha Carolina (L.) Britton, Mem. Torr. Club 5:162. 1894. 



CAROLINA MOONSEED. 



Menispermum carolinum L. Sp. PI. 1 : 340. 1753. 



Cocculus carolinus DC. Syst. Veg. 1 : 524. 1818. 



Gray, Man. ed. 6, 51. Chap. Fl. 16. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2 : 10. Gray, Syn. 

 Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 1 : 65. 



MEXICO : 



Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Southern Illinois, southern Missouri south to 

 Florida to eastern Texas. 



ALABAMA: Tennessee Valley. Lower hills. Upper division Coast Pine belt. Banks 

 of streams, low borders of woods. Clay County, Talladega Creek, 800 feet. Lauder- 

 dale County, Florence. Franklin, Tuscaloosa, Hale, Dallas, and Autauga counties, 

 Clarke County, Suggsville ( Dr. Denny). Flowers greenish white, July. Fruit scarlet. 

 October. Climber; frequent. 



Type locality : " Hab. in Carolina." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



