518 PLANT LIFE OF ALABAMA. 



CALYCOCARPUM Nutt. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. A. 1 : 48. 1838. 



One species, perennial climber, South Atlantic North America. 

 Calycocarpum lyoni (Pursh) Gray, Gen. 111. 1: 76. 1848. CUP SEED. 



Menispermum lyoni Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 2 : 371. 1816. 



Gray, Man. ed. 6, 51. Chap. Fl. 16. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 1 : 66. 



Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Southern Illinois, southern Missouri and from 

 southern Kentucky and Tennessee to Florida. 



ALABAMA: Tennessee Valley to Central Pine belt. Rich damp banks. Mostly in 

 alluvial soil. Lauderdale County. Franklin County, Russellville. Blount County, 

 Mulberry River. Tuscaloosa County. Flowers white, June. Fruit ripe September, 

 October, black ; twiuiug over bushes. 



Type locality: ''In Kentucky and Tennassee." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



BUTNERIACEAE (CALYCANTHACEAE). Calycanthus Family. 

 BUTNERIA Duhamel, Trait. Arb. 113, t. 45. 1755. 



(BEURERA, Ehret. PI. Rar. /. 13. 1755. ) 

 (CALYCANTHUS L. Syst. ed. 10, 1066. 1759.) 



Five species, shrubs, temperate North America and Japan. 



Butneria fertilis (Walt.) Kearney, Bull. Torr. Club, 21 : 175. 1894. 



SMOOTH CALYCANTHUS. MOUNTAIN SPICE-WOOD. 



Calycanthus fertilis Walt. Fl. Car. 151. 1788. 



C. glaucus and C. laerigatns Willd. Enum. 559. 1809. 



C. inodorus Ell. Sk. 1 : 576. 1824. 



Ell. Sk. 1. c. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 168. Chap. Fl. 130. 



Alleghenian and Carolinian areas. Allegheny Mountains from Pennsylvania and 

 Virginia to Georgia. 



ALABAMA : Mountain region, Coosa hills. Low damp thickets, borders of streams. 

 Dekalb County, Mentone, banks of Little River, 1,800 feet. St. Clair County, Coosa 

 Hills, 650 feet. Lee County, Auburn (Baker <$ Earle). Flowers maroon purple, June ; 

 fruit ripe iu September and October, remaining to the next season. Deleterious to 

 cattle. Shrub 6 to 8 feet high. 



Economic uses : Ornamental shrub. 



Type locality : South Carolina. 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Butneria florida (L.) Kearney, Bull. Torr. Club, 21 : 175. 1894. 



CALYCANTHUS. CAROLINA ALLSPICE. 



Calycanthus floridus L. Syst. ed. 10, 1066. 1759. 



C. sterilis Walt. Fl. Car. 151. 1788. 



Ell. Sk. 1 : 576. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 167. Chap. Fl. 130. 



Carolinian and Louisianian areas. North Carolina to Florida, west to Mississippi. 



ALABAMA: Lower Pine region, border of pine-barren streams. Escambia, Baldwin, 

 and Mobile counties. Flowers maroon purple, April; fruit rarely seen. Frequent 

 in the Lower Pine region, thus far not observed north of the Coast Pine belt. 



Type locality not ascertained. 



Economic uses: Ornamental shrub. 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



LAURACEAE. Laurel Family. 



PERSEA Gaertn. Fruct. 3 : 222. 1805. 



Ten species, trees, of subtropical and tropical America. 

 Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng. Syst. 2 : 268. 1824. RED BAY. 



Laurus borbonia L. Sp. PL 1 : 370. 1753. 



L. carolinensis Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1 : 245. 1803. 



Persea carolinensis Nees, Syst. 150. 1836. 



Ell. Sk. 1 : 461. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 447. Chap. Fl. 393. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 

 2 : 383. Sargent, Silv. N. A. 5 : 4, t. 301. 



Carolinian and Louisianian ureas. Southeastern Virginia south to Bay Biscayne 

 and Cape Romanes. Florida west to eastern Texas and Arkansas. 



