672 PLANT LIFE OF ALABAMA. 



Ell. Sk. 1:339. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 350. Chap. Fl. 35<i. (iray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 2, pt. 



Carojinian area. Ontario, New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Tennessee, 

 and Georgia. 



ALABAMA: Tennessee Valley. Mountain region and Lower hills. Shaded banks. 

 Lauderdale County, Florence (M. C. Wilson). Cull man County. Talladega County ; 

 Rent roe, 600 feet. Tuscaloosa County (E. A. Smith). Flowers cerulean blue ; Octo- 

 ber, November. Frequent. Perennial. 



Type locality : " Hab. in Virginia." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Gentiana elliottii Chap. Fl. 356. 1860. . BLUE SAMPSON'S SNAKE-ROOT. 



Gentiana catesbaei Ell. Sk. 1 : 339. 1817. Not Walt. 



Ell. Sk. 1. c. Chap. Fl. 1. c. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 2, pt. 1 : 122. 



Louisianian area. South Carolina to Florida, west to Mississippi and Louisiana. 



ALABAMA: Central Pine belt to Coast plain. Damp meadows, low wet woods. 

 Mobile and Tuscaloosa counties. Flowers large, purplish blue, with green veins, 

 open; October, November. Infrequent. Stems 15 to 18 inches long. Perennial. 



Tvpe locality: "Banks of streams and ditches, in the lower and middle districts." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Gentiana villosa L. Sp. PI. 1 : 228. 1753. SAMPSON'S SNAKK-ROOT. 



Gentiana ochroleuca Froel. Gent. 35. 1796. 

 G. saponaria Walt. Fl. Car. 109. 1788. Not L. 

 Ell. Sk. 1 : 340. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 351. Chap. Fl. 355. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 2, pt. 



Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Pennsylvania to Florida, west to Louisiana. 



ALABAMA: Over the State. From the Tennessee Valley to the coast. Dry wood- 

 lands. Culltnau, Tuscaloosa, and Mobile counties. Flowers greenish yellow; 

 October. Not infrequent; most common in dry grassy pine barrens of the Coast 

 Pine belt. Low, 6 to 10 inches. Perennial. 



Economic uses: The roots of this and G. elliottii, under the name of "Sampson's 

 snake-root," are used in domestic medicine. 



Type locality : " Hab. in Virginia." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Gentiana andrewsii Griseb. Gent. 287. 1839. CLOSED GENTIAN. 



Gray, Man. ed. 6, 351. Chap. Fl. 356. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 2, pt. 1 : 123. 



Alleghenian and Carolinian areas. Quebec. Ontario; New England wet to Min- 

 nesota; Virginia to Missouri, Arkansas, and Tennessee; and south along the moun- 

 tains to Georgia. 



ALABAMA : Mountain region. Winston County, near fork of Sipsey River, reported 

 by T.M.Peters. Perennial. 

 Type locality not given. 

 Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



FRASERA Walt. Fl. Car. 87. 1788. 



Eight species; North America, Pacific and Atlantic. 

 Frasera carolinensis Wai t. Fl. Car. 88. 1788. AMERICAN COLOMBO. 



Ell. Sk. 1:205. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 352. Chap. Fl. 357. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 

 2, pt. 1 : 125. 



Carolinian area. Ontario ; New York, southern Ohio, southern Illinois, south from 

 West Virginia along the mountains to Georgia. 



ALABAMA : Mountain region. Upper division Coast Pine belt. Rich upland forests. 

 Lawrence County, near Gumpoud, 1,200 feet. Blonut County, Bangor. Clarke 

 County, Suggsville (Dr. Denny). Flowers greenish yellow; May. Infrequent. 

 Perennial. Two to 3 feet high from a large fusiform root. 



Economic uses: The root, known as "American Colombo," is used in medicine. 



Type locality : South Carolina. 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



OBOL ARIA L. Sp. PI. 2 : 632. 1753. 



Single species, saprophytic perennial, Atlantic North America. 

 Obolaria virginica L. Sp. PI. 2 : 632. 1753. PENNYWORT. 



Gray, Man. ed. 6, 353. Chap. Fl. 357. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 2, pt. 1 : 127. Coulter, 

 Contr. Nat. Herb. 2 : 275. 



Carolinian area. New Jersey to eastern Illinois, Tennessee south to Georgia. 



