RAGWEED FAMILY. 757 



Iva frutescens L. Sp. PI. 2 : 989. 1753. SHRUBBY MARSH ELDER. 



Ell. Sk. 2 : 474. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 272. Chap. Fl. 222. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 

 2:247. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2:208. 



Carolinian to Louisianiau area. Coast of Massachusetts to Florida, west to Texas. 



ALABAMA: Coast plain. Submaritiine and Littoral region. Muddy brackish 

 shores and marshes near the sea beach. Mobile County, estuary of the Mobile 

 River; West Fowl River; Dauphin Island. Baldwin County, Point Clear. Shrub 

 5 to 6 feet high. 



Type locality : " Hab. in Virginia, Peru." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



AMBROSIA L. Sp. PI. 2 : 987. 1753. 



Twenty-five species, Mediterranean region of the Old World, Sandwich Islands, 

 temperate warmer America. North America, 8. Atlantic, 4. 



Ambrosia trifida L. Sp. PI. 2 : 987. 1753. TALL RAGWEED. 



Ell. Sk. 2 : 476. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 273. Chap. Fl. 223. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 2 : 

 249. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2 : 209. 



CUBA, MEXICO. 



Alleghenian to Louisiauian area. Quebec and Ontario to Manitoba; New England 

 west to Minnesota, south to the Gulf; from Florida west to Texas, Arkansas, and 

 Colorado. 



ALABAMA : Throughout the State. In rich damp soil, alluvial banks, borders of 

 low fields. Abundant in the rich valley lands and the black lands of the prairie 

 region. July to September. Annual. 



Type locality : " Hab. in Virginia, Canada." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Ambrosia artemisiaefolia L. Sp. PI. 2 : 988. 1753. HOGWEED. BITTERWEED. 



Ell. Sk. 2 : 477. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 273. Chap. Fl. 223. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 2 : 

 249. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2 : 210. 



CUBA, MEXICO, BRAZIL. 



Alleghenian to Louisianian area. Nova Scotia to Saskatchewan and the Pacific 

 coast. All over the Eastern United States, west to Arkansas and Texas. 



ALABAMA: Over the State. Dry cultivated ground; the commonest of weeds. 

 July to September. Annual. 



Type locality : " Hab. in Virginia, Pensylvania." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Ambrosia psilostachya DC. Prodr. 5:526. 1836. PRAIRIE RAGWEED. 



Gray, Man. ed. 6, 273. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 2 : 250. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 

 2:210. 



Allegheuian to Carolinian area. Illinois west to Saskatchewan. 



ALABAMA: Adventive from Texas with wool. Autanga County, Prattville. 

 Perennial. 



Type locality : " In Mexico inter San-Fernando et Matamoros legit cl. Berlandier." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



XANTHIUM L. Sp. PI. 2 : 987. 1753. 



Aboiit5 species, temperate and warmer regions of the Old and New World. North 

 America, endemic, 1; native, 3. 



Xaiithium strumarium L. Sp. PI. 2: 987. 1753. COCKLEBUR. BURWEED. 



Ell. Sk. 2 : 479, in part. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 274. Chap. Fl. 224 ; ed. 3, 245. Gray, Syn. 

 Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 2 : 521. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2 : 210. 



EUROPE, ASIA. 



Alleghenian to Louisiauian area. Naturalized throughout the eastern United 

 States to Nebraska and Texas. 



ALABAMA: Over the State, about dwellings and in cultivated and waste places. 

 Tnscaloosa and Mobile counties. Apparently not abundant. 



Type locality : "Hab. in Europa, Canada," Virginia, Jamaica, Zeylona, Japonia." 



Xanthiurn caiiadense Mill. Diet. ed. 8, no. 2. 1768. COCKLEBUR. 



Xantlmtm echinatum Murr. Comm. Goett. 6 : 32, t. 4. 1783. 



Ell. Sk. 2 : 479. ( ?) Gray, Man. ed. 6, 274. Chap. Fl. 224. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 

 2 : 252. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2 : 21 1. 



