THISTLE FAMILY. 791 



ALABAMA: Mountain region to Central Pine belt. Dry rocky or gravelly hills. 

 Dekalb Count}', Lookout Mountain. Clay, Cullman, Calhouu, St. Clair, and Talla- 

 dega counties. Flowers white; April. Common throughout the mountains and 

 lower hills. Not observed in the low country. 



Type locality : " Hab. in Virginia.'' 



Herb. Mohr. 



GNAPHALIUM L. Sp. PI. 2 : 850. 1753. 



Tine hundred and twenty species, cosmopolitan, Europe, northern Asia. North 

 America, 15; Atlantic, 5; endemic, 4. 



Gnaphalium belleri Britton, Bull. Torr. Club. 20 : 280. 1893. 



HELLER'S LIFE EVERLASTING. 



Britt. & Br. 111. Fl. 3 : 401. 1898. 



Carolinian area. Southeastern Virginia and along the mountains to Georgia. 



ALABAMA: Mountain region. Open woods and copses. Dekalb County, Lookout 

 Mountain, 1,800 feet, near Men tone. Flowers September; apparently not rare. 



Similar to (T. obtuaifolium, from which, however, it is at once distinguished by 

 the close, densely glandular, not tomentose, pubescence. 



Type locality: " In fields, Southeastern Virginia (Heller) to Georgia (Boykin)." 



Gnaphalium obtusifolium L. Sp. PL 2 : 851. 1753. SWEET LIFE EVERLASTING. 



Gnaphalium polgetpkdlum Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2 : 127. 1803. , 



Ell. Sk. 2 : 325. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 268. Chap. Fl. 243 ; ed. 3, 239. Gray, Syn. Fl. 1, 

 pt.2:234. 



Canadian zone, Alleghenian to Louisianian area. Nova Scotia, Quebec, Ontario; 

 New England west to Minnesota, south to the Gulf, from Florida to Texas, Ar- 

 kansas, and Missouri. 



ALABAMA: Over the State. Dry borders of woods, pastures, old fields. Flowers 

 white; July to October. Frequent. Annual. 



Economic uses: The herb, "life everlasting," is used in domj.>tn medicin:- 



Type locality : " Hab. in Virginia, Peusylvania." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Gnaphalium purpuieum L. Sp. PL 2 : 854. 1803. PURPLE CUDWEED. 



Ell. Sk. 2 : 325. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 269. Chap. Fl. 243. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 

 2 : 236. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2 : 203. 



MEXICO. 



Alleghenian to Louisianiau area. British Columbia; southern New England to 

 Florida, west to Texas, Arkansas, and Missouri. 



ALABAMA : Over the State. In light exposed soil, waste and cultivated places. 

 An annual or biennial winter weed. 



Type locality: "Hab. in " Carolina, Virginia, Pensylvauia/' 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Gnaphalium spathulatum Lam. Encycl. 2 : 758. 1786. 



To this species is somewhat doubtfully referred the southern form included by late 

 authors in the last, but which is at once recognized as distinct by the loose and 

 longer, persistently arachnoid, wool covering the stem and leaves. The stem is 

 mostly simple from the perennial root; the leaves are rather thin, green above but 

 slightly cinereous beneath, broadly spatulate; the lower clusters of the flowering 

 heads, borne on shorter or longer peduncles, form a conspicuously leafy racemose 

 inflorescence. The inner involucral scales are linear, acute, and shining. 



WEST INDIES, SOUTH AMERICA. 



Louisianian area. 



ALABAMA: Prairie region to Coast plain. Montgomery and Mobile counties; waste 

 grounds, roadsides, and pastures, near dwellings. Probably introduced from the 

 tropics and perfectly naturalized. Flowers white; throughout the summer. Not 

 infrequent. 



Type locality : "Nous ignorons sou lieu natal; mais nous la soupconnous d'Ame- 

 rique. * * Peut-etre vient elle du Cap de Bonne Esperance." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



POLYMNIA L.Sp.P1.2:926. 1753. 



Ten to 12 species, perennial herbs, American, from Argentina to Canada. North 

 America, 2. 



Polymnia canadensis L. Sp. PL 2 : 926. 1753. CANADA LEAF-CUP. 



Ell. Sk. 2: 471. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 269. Chap. Fl. 219. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 



2:238. 



