THISTLE FAMILY. 795 



ACANTKOSFERMUM Schrauk. PI. Rar. Hort. Monac. 2 : t. 53. 1819. 



Four species, annuals, South America,. 

 Acaiithospermum australe (L.). 



Melampodlnm amtrale L. Sp. PI. ed. 2, 2 : 1309. 1763. 



Acanthoxpermum brasilitm >chrank. PI. Kar. Hort. Monac. 2: t. 53. 1819. 



Centrospermum xanthioides H. B. K. Nov. Geu. & Sp. 4:271. 1820. 



Acantlwspermum xanthioides DC. Prodr. 5 : 521. 1836. 



Chap. Fl. Suppl. 628; ed. 3, 240. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 2: 239. 1884. 



SOUTH AMERICA TO BRAZIL. 



Louisianian area. Adventive in South Carolina and Florida. 



ALABAMA: Lower Pine region. Coast plain. Waste ground; along railroad tracks. 

 Escamhia and Mobile counties. Flowers greenish white; June to October. A fre- 

 quent ballast weed. Reported from Lee County, Auburn. 



Type locality : "Hah. in Cumana." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Acaiithospermum humile (Sw.) DC. Prodr. 5:522. 1836. 



Melampodium humile Sw. Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. 114. 1785. 



Chap. Fl. ed. 3, 240. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 2: 240. 



WEST INDIES TO BRAZIL. 



Louisianian area. Adventive. Ports of western Florida and occasionally at New 

 York and Philadelphia. 



ALABAMA: Ballast grounds. Mobile County. July to October. Obnoxious and 

 persistent ballast weed, spreading slowly along the river front. 



Type locality: "Jamaica, Domingo." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



BERLANDIERA DC. Prodr. 5:517. 1836. 



Four species, perennials, South Atlantic North America and adjoining Sonoran 

 (Texano- Mexican) region. South Atlantic, 2. 



Berlaiidiera pumila (Michx.) Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. ser. 2, 7 : 342. 1840. 



DOWNY BERLANDIERA. 



Silphium pumilum Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2 : 146. 1803. 



Berlaiidiera tomentosa Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. ser. 2, 7 : 343. 1840. 



Ell. Sk. 2 : 469. Chap. Fl. 221. Gray, Syu. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 2 : 243. Coulter, Contr. 

 Nat. Herb. 2 : 206. 



Louisiauian area. North Carolina to Florida and Arkansas. 



ALABAMA : Coast plain. Sandy pine forests. Baldwin County, Blackwater River. 

 Flowers yellow; July. Rare. 



Type locality: "Hab. in Florida." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



CHRYSOGONUM L. Sp. PI. 2 : 920. 1753. 



One species, Atlantic North America. 

 Chrysogoiium virginiaiium L. Sp. PI. 2 : 920. 1753. GOLDEN DAISY. 



Ell. Sk. 2 :472. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 271. Chap. Fl. 219. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 

 2 : 243. 



Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Southern Pennsylvania to Florida and Louisiana. 



ALABAMA: Lower Pine region. Coast plain. Dry open woods. Mobile County, 

 sandy pine ridges. Flowers golden yellow; March, April. Not common. Perennial, 



Type locality : " Hab. in Virginia." 



Type locality : " llao. in V irginia. 

 Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



PARTHENIUM L. Sp. PL 2 : 988. 1753. 



Ten species, perennials, West Indies, Mexico. North America, 7. 

 Parthenium hysterophorus L. Sp. PI. 2 : 988. 1753. 



Chap. Fl. 222. Gray, Syu. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 2 : 244. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2 : 207. 



WEST INDIES, MEXICO. 



Louisianian area. Florida to Louisiana. Most probably naturalized from the 

 Tropics. 



