28 SHRUBS. 



142. Twigs bristly. Rubus. 

 Twigs not bristly. 143. 



143. Leaves palmately nerved. 144. 

 Leaves pinnately veined. 147. 



144. Leaves acute. 145. 



Leaves often obtuse : fruit berry-like. Ribes. 



145. Twigs at first velvety : flowers large. Hibiscus. 

 Twigs glabrous : flowers small. 146. 



146. Bark splitting early : fruit fleshy. Ribes. 

 Bark splitting late : fruit dry. Physocarpus. 



147. Twigs rather stout : leaves large and woolly. Pyrus. 

 Twigs slender : leaves rather small. 148. 



148. Leaves 2-ranked : buds superposed. Stephanandra. 

 Leaves more than 2-ranked : buds not superposed. Spiraea. 



Compound. 



IW* Learn the characters of poison ivy (152) and 

 poison sumach (159). 



149. Leaves once compound. 150. 



Leaves' often or always bipinnate. 169. 



150. Leaves digitate or appearing so. 151. 

 Leaves distinctly pinnate. 156. 



151. CAUTION. Sap milky or resinous, abundant: leaf- 



lets 3, often coarsely toothed or lobed. 152. 

 Sap not milky. 153. 



152. POISONOUS. Often climbing or with aerial 



roots: glabrate : fruit white. Rhus (Toxicodendron). 

 Low-bushy, very aromatic : fruit red. Rhus. 



153. Leaves with pellucid dots. Ptelea. 

 Leaves not pellucid-dotted. 154. 



154. Leaflets entire. 155. 



Leaflets toothed, acute. Rubus. 



155. Leaflets 3. Laburnum. 

 Leaflets more than 3. Caragana. 



156. CAUTION. Leaflets entire. 157. 

 Leaflets often toothed. 163. 



157. Leaflets pellucid-glandular, small. Amorpha. 

 Leaflets without translucent dots. 158. 



