MAGNOLIACEAE. 77 



or panicles ; and berry-like drupe with ring-like transversely 

 ridged stone. 



Leaves glabrescent above : fruit red. Tender. C, carolinus. 



Leaves pubescent : fruit blue-black. Hardy. C. trilobus. 



MENISPERMUM. Moonseed. 



Half-woody twining plants with somewhat fluted green 

 stems ; rather large homogeneous pale pith ; alternate round leaf- 

 scars with a raised border and numerous bundle-traces in a 

 single series ; no stipule-scars ; rounded often superposed buds ; 

 rather large long-stalked palmately veined angled or very shal- 

 lowly lobed leaves ; small dioecious polypetalous flowers in long- 

 stalked axillary clusters ; and berry-like drupe with ring-like dor- 

 sally keeled stone. 

 Leaves obtusely angled or shallow-lobed. M. canadense. 



Family MAGNOLIACEAE. Magnolia Family. 

 A rather small family, usually shrubby but including some 

 trees of large size such as the tulip tree which furnishes "poplar" 

 lumber, etc. : much used in landscape work. 



LIRIODENDRON. Tulip Tree. 



Large rather percurrent deciduous trees with intricately 

 fissured bark; pale soft wood with very minute diffused ducts 

 and extremely fine medullary rays ; moderate terete twigs ; 

 roundish light brown pith with firmer diaphragms ; alternate 

 somewhat raised nearly round leaf-scars with about a dozen 

 scattered bundle-traces ; very narrow stipule-scars encircling the 

 twigs ; solitary sometimes stalked flattened or 2-edged buds with 

 2 valvate scales ; rather large simple truncate or deeply notched 

 stalked leaves with 2 or more lateral lobes ; large green and 

 yellow perfect polypetalous terminal flowers ; and a cone-like 

 fruit, the indehiscent i-seeded winged carpels falling away from 

 a persistent spike-like axis. 



1. Leaves not lobed at base. L. Tulipifera integrifoHum. 

 Leaves with 2 -or 4 basal lobes. 2. 



2. Lobes 2, obtuse. L. Tulipifera obtusilobum. 

 Lobes often 4, acute. 3. 



