AQUIFOLIACEAE. up 



CLIFTONIA. Buckwheat Tree. 



Evergreen hard-leaved shrubs with rounded smooth-barked 

 twigs; small rounded homogeneous pink pith; alternate low ob- 

 tusely triangular leaf-scars with a single simple or compound 

 bundle-trace ; no stipule-scars ; small solitary compressed-ovoid 

 sessile buds with about 2 scales ; moderately small subsessile en- 

 tire nearly veinless leaves ; rather small perfect whitish poly- 

 petalous flowers in terminal racemes ; and small rounded 3- 

 winged dry fruit. 

 Leaves slightly revolute, more or less downy. C. monophylla. 



Family AQUIFOLIACEAE. Holly Family. 

 A rather small but widespread family, chiefly of deciduous 

 shrubs ; the larger species yield a fine-grained wood, and many 

 are attractive through their persistent bright colored fruit. 



ILEX. Holly. 



Evergreen or deciduous shrubs or small trees with white 

 wood with minute diffused ducts and fine crowded medullary 

 rays ; moderate or slender rather 3-sided twigs ; somewhat an- 

 gular continuous pith ; alternate somewhat raised crescent-shaped 

 leaf-scars with a sometimes broken bundle-trace ; minute stipule- 

 scars or persistent stipules; ovoid sessile buds with about 3 ex- 

 posed scales ; simple petioled moderate or small leaves ; small 

 more or less imperfect whitish polypetalous flowers in the axils; 

 and rather small few-seeded berry-like drupes. 



1. Evergreen. 2. 

 Deciduous. 5. 



2. Leaves relatively large, pungently pointed or toothed. 3. 

 Leaves rather small, not pungent : fruit black. I. glabra. 



3. Leaves very glossy. I. Aquifolium. 

 Leaves dull. 4. 



4. Fruit red. I. opaca. 

 Fruit yellow. I. opaca xanthocarpa. 



5. Leaves very small (2 cm.). . I. crenata. 

 Leaves moderate. 6. 



