Nt). 4.] CLEAN MILK PRODUCTION. 121 



The dairyman must be encouraged, by our assistance. We 

 must take an interest in his views, and help him to overcome 

 his j)roblems. Nearly every farmer can receive more profit 

 from his dairy if he will use business methods ; that is, have 

 better cows, practice better breeding, feed wisely, grow alfalfa, 

 use a silo, etc. He can produce better milk by using a covered 

 pail, by wiping the udder with a damp cloth, by more attention 

 to washing and scalding utensils, and by better cooling. 



We, as inspectors, should not only call the dairyman's at- 

 tention to his poor equipment and methods, but should en- 

 courage him by oifering suggestions as to how he can, with the 

 least expense and trouble, correct his shortcomings. 



We do not want these dairymen to go out of business ; there- 

 fore, we must assist them to more economical practices, so they 

 can derive a better profit from their business ; we want also to 

 educate them to the value of clean milk and the essentials neces- 

 sary to make such a product. 



The main milk problem is not what we can get a few dairy- 

 men to do, but what we can assist the majority to do. What 

 are we going to do with the tenant farmer, or one who does 

 not have the means to build new barns, etc. ? This is the ques- 

 tion which we must answer, and I believe it can be accomplished 

 only by education. What we want is clean, safe milk; the 

 poorly equipped farmer can produce this kind of milk if he only 

 knows the essentials necessary. It is a question of encouraging 

 and not discouraging. As a rule there is no surplus milk in 

 our cities ; therefore let us work with the idea of encouraging 

 the dairymen to produce more and better milk. 



IVIr. P. M. Harw^ood. I presume the speaker has noticed that 

 the State of Massachusetts, through the Dairy Bureau of the 

 State Board of Agriculture, has done work along the line of 

 encouraging clean milk production, and for that purpose prizes 

 have been awarded. 



There has been great improvement during the last year in the 

 exhibits. We had nearly 100 more entries this year in the clean 

 milk contest than we had last year, and I think any one who 

 has seen the cottons both in this contest and in the Massa- 



