No. 4.] FARM SEWAGE DISPOSAL. 325 



Care must also be used so as not to dispose of the effluent in 

 such a way that it can follow a ravine or depression in the 

 ground surface that might convey it in a wrong direction. The 

 best way of all would be to conduct it to a point under ground 

 where there was a sand or gravel subsoil, and allow it to es- 

 cape through a few open joints on the end of the outlet pipe, 

 covering over the entire length of pipe. 



In a properl}^ constructed system there is so little sediment 

 in the effluent that this underground outlet will dispose of it 

 for an indefinite time in a porous material. Be sure and make 

 tight joints in your pipes except at outlet end, and if you have 

 to run either inlet or outlet pipes anywhere near a w^ell it is 

 advisable to use iron pipe at such a place and lead the joints. 



I know of tanks that have been running now for several 

 years, and have done the work so well that there is no amount 

 of sludge in them at any time when opened. Members of the 

 grange at several of the meetings have told their experience, 

 and they expressed themselves as well satisfied, except in one 

 instance, and that was when a double tank was used and the 

 sludge accumulated in that one so as to block the inlet pipe. 

 I think the tank must have been too small. 



Now to return to the disposal of the effluent where you have 

 no porous subsoil to take, care of it. If you are located far 

 from neighbors, and where you have a large area over which 

 you can work without endangering any source of water supply, 

 it would be all right to let the effluent run out onto the surface 

 of the ground where it would get a good chance to spread out 

 and not stand in pools, as of course mosquitoes would breed in 

 the standing water. 



Now there is another condition to consider, and that is where 

 you have a limited area, and where you have to be careful about 

 allowing the effluent, as it comes directly from the tank, to run 

 out on the ground for fear of its going into some lake or stream 

 that may carry it onto the land of another, and where it would 

 be necessary to pass it through a sand filter before letting it 

 pass off. A sand filter is easy to construct and adds greatly to 

 the purity of the effluent. 



Now a word in regard to waste water from the tank. Some 

 people believe and some of the farm papers have stated that 



