42 



that she understood the art, told jne that she knew two neighbors, 

 each owning one cow, who engaged to use their two cows together 

 alternate weeks. The cows went in the same pasture. One of 

 these persons, in the week when she milked the cows, produced 

 from them a beautiful yellow butter ; the other, in her week, from 

 the same cows, produced butter that was white and crumbling like 

 cheese. The former kept her milk in a well aired room above 

 ground ; the latter kept her milk in the cellar. I had no opportunity 

 of making further inquiries, and I am not prepared to say that this 

 was the occasion of the difference ; but it is a strong circumstance. 

 The main point is a pure atmosphere and perfect cleanliness in every 

 operation and utensil. 



I shall subjoin here the suggestions of a resjjected friend in Maine ;* 

 a gentleman who yields to bo one in agricultural intelligence, zeal, 

 and experience. 



" Take one quarter or even one third of the milk of a cow — an 

 equal quantity from each teat ; use this in your family or for your 

 pigs — and milk the residue for the dairy. You will make better 

 butter in less time ; and nearly an equal quantity.'" 



I have been long of an opinion, that a winter dairy for making but- 

 ter in Essex County, where access to market is so easy, would be 

 quite profitable. In this case it would be necessary to have the cows 

 come in in the fall ; and to be prepared with an abundance of succulent 

 food for them, such as carrots, beets, or ruta baga, through the winter. 

 The stables, too, should be warm and comfortable. An experienced 

 dairy woman says, she finds no difficulty in making butter at any time 

 in winter, provided she heats her cream on the stove to 72'' Fah't., 

 and scalds her churn with boiling water when her cream is put in. 

 Such a dairy, on many accounts, would be managed with less trouble 

 than in the warm season. The butter could be sent to market in 

 the best condition ; and, if well made and known to be new, would 

 always command a quarter to a third more than the ordinary price. 



*• Charles Vaughan, Esq., of Hallowell. 



