114 APPENDIX. 



second crop of charlock having covered the land, it was ploughed very 

 carefully, in order completely to bury the charlock ; and then suffered 

 to remain until the loth of September when we began sowing the 

 rye in the following manner. A strip of land about twelve yards wide 

 was ploughed very evenly to prevent deep gutters between the furrows, 

 and the seed immediately sown upon the furrow and harrowed in. 

 Then another strip of the same width, and so on until the whole was 

 finished. We found the oat stubble and charlock entirely rotted, and 

 the land appeared as if it had been well manured, though none had 

 been applied to this part, since it had been in our possession. The 

 rye sprung very quick and vigorously, having evidently derived great 

 benefit from being sown and sprouted before the moisture supplied by 

 the decaying vegetable matter in the soil had evaporated to any con- 

 siderable extent. This crop produced 133 bushels. 



In 1829, the charlock was suffered to grow on the law.d appropriated 

 to rye, until it had attained its growth and was in full blossom. The 

 land was then ploughed very carefully and the charlock completely 

 covered in. In a short time a second crop appeared more vigorous 

 than the first. This also was allowed to attain its growth, and then 

 ploughed in as before. A third crop soon appeared, which of course 

 was destroyed when the land was again ploughed for sowing about the 

 middle of September. This piece of land was a parallel strip running 

 from the river, and containing two acres. Two bushels of rye were 

 sowed. The crop presented a remarkably promising appearance, and 

 yielded seventy four and a half bushels. 



In 1830, the land appropriated to rye included nearly all the lighter 

 parts of the soil, and owing to a pressure of business w'as not attended 

 to as we could have wished. It was ploughed in the early part of the 

 summer. But harrowing to destroy the weeds was substituted for the 

 second ploughing. This, and the unusual blight which affected all 

 the grain in this part of the country, led us to anticipate a small crop. 

 It yielded however fifteen bushels to the acre. 



The land on which the crop of rye was raised the present season, 

 had for the three or four previous years been planted with Indian corn. 

 And owing to the extent of our tillage land, we have not been able to 

 apply more than four or five loads of manure to the acre this season. 

 The charlock was suffered to attain its growth as usual ; and on the 

 18th and 19th of June it was carefully ploughed in. The second 

 crop was ploughed in on the 6th and 7th of August. On the 14th and 

 15th of September it was sowed in the usual manner, namely : a small 



