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into coal of which 1U0,000 bushels are stated to be annually made. 

 Two and a half cords of wood are required to make 100 bushels of 

 coal. By good management two cords will produce 100 bushels. 

 The wood standing is valued according to the accessibleness of the 

 situation, at from 50 to 75 cents per cord. A kiln of a common 

 size contains from 25 to 30 cords. The chopping of two cords for 

 a kiln is considered a day's work for a man. Collecting and draw- 

 ing together on good gound requires five days. The covering of a 

 kiln requires three days' work. The burning of a kiln is twelve 

 days' work. The coal brings 12i to 13 cents at Hudson, about 24 

 miles distance and 5J to 6^ at Riga Iron Works, near the northern 

 line of Connecticut. Many farmers engage in it only in the intervals 

 of their farm-work. One farmer in the neighborhood made the last 

 year 1200 bushels ; and another made and sold coal to the amount 

 of six hundred dollars, which was a convenient and pleasant item in 

 the products of his year's labor. 



An experienced observer and farmer, who has lived under this 

 mountain for nearly half a century, says " that tlie chesnut wood 

 on land where it is cut off will replace itself in about thirty years." 



2. Marble Quarries. The marble quarries in Sheffield are 

 well worth a visit. Here are obtained the stones for the Girard Or- 

 phan College in Philadelphia ; and the works are now prosecuted 

 with great spirit and labor. The blocks for the columns are to be of 

 an average measurement of six feet in diameter ; three feet in thick- 

 ness ; to be rounded and rough hewn. The undertaker pays the 

 workmen at the rate of 130 dollars per block when fitted for trans- 

 portation. The distance of land carriage to the Hudson is 24 or 26 

 miles. The cost of each of these blocks when delivered in Phila- 

 delphia is 500 dollars. They are taken by ox-teams over the moun- 

 tain about five miles ; and then by horse-teams to the river. They 

 are ingeniously raised, and suspended under wheels of large diameter 

 and great strength. Seven tons is not an uncommon load ; 13 tons 

 have been taken at a time. After the block is split from the quarry 

 one man is occupied about three weeks in rough hewing it. They 

 can now reach the rail-road from Hudson to Stockbridge in a dis- 

 tance of a few miles ; and will probably use this method of transpor- 

 tation. The number of horses kept for the conveyance of the stone, 



