150 APPENDIX. 



Miscellaneous Observations — Continued. 



April 30 — A sudden change of 30° to cold, j July 5 and 20 — Sharp lightning and heavy 



May 4 — Sowed wheal. 12th — ditto. [ thunder. 



" 14^Corn planted in various places. | " 26 — Have cut twelve acres of hay up 



" If) — Sowed wheat. 1 to this date. 



" 17 — Planted Dution corn, which ri- i Aug. 4— Harvested wheat sown April 11. 



pened finely. " 7 — Harvested oats sowed April 12, 



" 22 — Plum and currants in blossom. 13. 



" 23 — Lightning and thunder first no- ] " 18 — Harvested wheat sowed May 



ticed. 16. 



" 25 — A bright halo round the sun. " 26 — Frost in low grounds. 



" 30 — Apples in blossom. Set out fir- ! " 29 — Finished haying. 



trees. , Sept. 3 — A general white frost. 



Planted potatoes 28lh, 30th, 31st i " 5— A dense fog. 



of May, and 1st of June. " 13 and 15 — Northern lights. 



June 4 — Apples in full blossom. •' 18 — Great eclipse of the sun. 



18— Chilly east winds. 

 " 26 — Sowed buckwheat. 

 July 2 — A severe thunder-storm in the 

 night. 



Oct. 9 — First severe frost. 



" 31 — A light snow. 

 Nov. 18 — Snow. 

 Dec. 8— First sleighing. 



Total fall of water, in 5 successive vears, has been as follows, com- 

 mencing with 1834, " . . . . 33.21 inches and lOOlhe. 



1835 40.47 " 



1836, .... 49.89 " 



1837, 32.47 " 



1838, .... 41.35 " 



Total, . . 197.39 " 



Mean fall of water, yearly, .... 39.47 " 

 Mean temperature of summer, 1837, 62.20— Of 1838, 66.15. 



As to any agricultural experiments of mine, I have succeeded in 

 none worthy of notice that now occur to me, but will say a word con- 

 cerning the best situation for fruit and ornamental trees, which are 

 subject to being injured or destroyed by the extremes of cold in our 

 latitude. 



Since the cold weather of January, 1835, when the mercury sunk 

 to 25 or 30 degrees below zero, and fruit and other trees were de- 

 stroyed in different parts of the country, I have been led to notice the 

 effects of severe cold upon trees in different exposures, and have found 

 almost universally, that fruit and other trees, standing in sheltered sit- 

 uations, have been killed, when those of the same kind, standing 

 exposed to a free circulation of air, have safely withstood the injurious 

 effects of frost. This has, I doubt not, been noticed by yourself and 

 others ; if so, then perhaps my observation will tend to confirm this 

 opinion. 



One cause of this is supposed to be, that when a season of warm 

 weather occurs in winter, or early in the spring, (as it often does,) it 

 causes the sap to rise and the buds to swell prematurely in trees stand- 

 ing in sheltered situations — and then a sudden change to severe cold 

 checks this circulation, and freezes the sap in the capillary tubes, thus 



