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considered the price of the milk. When a farmer is so 

 situated that he can sell directly to the consumer at five or 

 six cents a quart, he, no doubt, sells at a profit ; but the rest 

 must sell to the middleman or the co-operative creamery. 

 The middleman, as all know to their sorrow, has often 

 proved a rope of sand, but the co-operative creamery, he be- 

 lieved to be the remedy for surplus milk every time. Of 

 good cream and fine butter there will probably never be an 

 over supply, and co-operative dairying in New England is 

 only in its infancy. He believes in making butter by this 

 method and feeding the skim milk to calves, colts and poul- 

 try, and it will pay. Mr. Butler, of Georgetown, asked for 

 facts concerning the Ipswich creamery, in which Mr. 

 Kinsman was interested. In reply, the speaker said, some 

 had raised cream and sold to the creamery, and done very 

 well out of it, while others said it would bring them to the 

 almshouse if they sold it that way long enough. But to 

 make a success from butter a man wants butter cows, his 

 cows will average a pound of butter from six spaces of cream. 

 As a rule he finds six and one-half spaces of cream make a 

 pound of butter, but by feeding less grain it takes seven. 

 The Ipswich creamery has been very successful in its oper- 

 ations by having good cows adapted to butter, rather than 

 to the large flow of milk, and had paid dividends of four per 

 cent, to its stockholders. A general discussion followed, 

 and the general sentiment was that when farmers are so 

 situated that they cannot sell their milk direct to the con- 

 sumer, the system of co-operative creameries was the best 

 way for them to get the most from their milk. 



The subject for the afternoon was " Unequal Taxation," 

 the speaker being George A. Tapley, Esq. , of Revere, who 

 had evidently given the subject a good deal of thought and 

 careful study. He spoke of the universal interest of land 

 owners in the subject, of its agitation in the legislature and 

 elsewhere. He said all legislation seemed to be in favor of 

 the lender and against the borrower of money. It is time 

 for farmers to unite and organize for a change. In 1885 



