119 



sent to Spain, Portugal and the West India Islands, form- 

 ing a large portion of the food of the Catholics on their 

 numerous fast days, and also furnishing a cheap diet for 

 the slave population. 



In 1642, 300,000 dry fish were sent to market from Ips- 

 wich, and in 1647 Marblehead alone sold .$25,000 worth. 

 It was a great business and increased enormously. 



These disjointed facts picked up from such historians 

 as Hubbard, Winthrop, Palfrey, Lewis, and various town 

 histories, and the old statutes, show somewhat the lead 

 Essex County took in manufactures and fisheries, and to 

 some extent display the energy, the patience, and the for- 

 titude of the men who first settled on and around Cape 

 Ann and Naumkeag. 



In tracing the introduction of live stock it is not 

 always easy to distinguish what were brought to Salem, 

 Lynn, Boston and Plymouth, and very likely they were 

 taken from one place to another on the coast and after- 

 wards to the interior. One thing, however, is certain, 

 that Mr. Winslow in 1624 returned in the Ann on a 

 second voyage, and " brought three heifers and a bull, 

 the first beginning of any cattle of that kind in the land." 



In 1628, were ordered from England by the "Lyons 

 Whelpe," twenty cows and bulls, ten mares and horses. 



In 1623, the Dorchester Company landed live stock on 

 Cape Ann, and in 1625 cattle and sheep were brought, 

 and in 1629 one hundred and forty head of cattle and 

 forty goats were landed at Salem; in 1631 a cow was val- 

 ued at 1111.00, yoke of oxen $177.00; in 1634 Hon. John 

 Humphrey brought to his farm at Swampscott fifteen 

 heifers, at this time valued at -$75.00 each; in 1640 twenty 

 sheep were appraised at $35.00. 



In 1629 "twelve cows, three calves, two mares and two 

 foles were ordered to be sold forthwith rather than to 

 pay their keepe all winter." 



1630, at Salem, wolves killed six calves. 



1631, White Angel brought cows, goats, and hogs, and 

 twenty-one heifers. 



