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and soaking rains. If the ground be frozen hard, most of 

 the liquid from leaching cannot soak into the ground, 

 but flows off into the streams and is lost. 



In the matter of fall plowing, we have noted that 

 the custom is growing in favor and should be encouraged. 

 If done at the proper time, one object of this fall plowing 

 is first, to help on the spring work, second to leave the 

 ground in such a condition that the frost shall do as much 

 as possible in pulverizing the hard lumps of earth, third, 

 and we consider the most important, the turning up of 

 worms and their eggs, to the full action of frost, sun and 

 rain. 



This work should be done as late as possible. If done 

 too early, the fall rains will pack the earth, and the worms 

 will regain vitality sufficient to burrow themselves again 

 where they will be uninjured by the action of frost, and 

 very little will be gained. 



The plowing and preparing of the soil for the seed, is 

 a matter of vital importance; we object to the proportion 

 of the furrows of the average farmer, too lonji and too 

 wide for its depth. Don't be afraid to turn up at each 

 plowing a little of the virgin soil. Neither will the old 

 cut and cover method answer the present demand. 



The seed bed should be made mellow and deep, before 

 the planting is done. Then the roots of the young plants 

 will soon fill all the space given them, in quest of nour- 

 ishment. Your deep cultivation is done, and all future 

 treatment consists in keeping the top of the ground light 

 and free from weeds. Remember that it costs as much to 

 grow one big hog weed as a whole hill of corn and potatoes. 



Not many days ago we passed a field which had been 

 highly fertilized, probably with green stable manure, and 

 the hog weeds had grown so thick and high that it was 

 impossible to tell what crop the field had been planted to. 



Three men with two pairs of horses and harrows were 

 trying to subdue the weeds sufficiently to run the plow. 



