12 



the right of freedom and equality, who have no old love of 

 country to forget in order to be on with the new, and 

 whose hearts are virgin soil in which to plant the seeds of 

 patriotism. The invitation went to the peaceful and 

 gentle in all lands. The prizes in the new country were 

 to be won through the arts of peace. Force and fear and 

 injustice were to take no part in the contest. It was un- 

 heard by the violent and adventurous, the bold and 

 unscrupulous, the restless and daring, tho'se who often in 

 the world's history have been pioneers in the peopling of 

 new territory, and have often laid the foundations of great 

 empires and even the highest civilization through blood 

 and rapine and lawlessness. But a people engaged in 

 establishing manufactures and agriculture and commerce, 

 on a hard soil, in a trying climate and on a rugged co^st, 

 had no attractions for them, there was nothing to conquer, 

 nothing to seize. They might flock to the diamond lields, 

 or the gold and silver territory, or join the filibuster or 

 buccaneer, to make their own some rich but weak and 

 ignorant kingdom, but in Essex there was nothing to be 

 found but the right of one man to labor in his chosen 

 avocation, side by side with another and with no human 

 law governing them but that of their own making. A 

 poor conquest indeed, but to those who possessed it price- 

 less beyond purchase. 



Those who came to Essex attracted by her varied indus- 

 tries, laid the foundations of liberty in peace, and of law 

 In the necessities of a peaceful and industrious people. 

 Judge Lynch never held court in our borders, no vigilance 

 committee was ever called upon to repress violence, 

 preserve social order and administer the criminal law. 

 The code of honor was never recognized, and the duello 

 has performed no oiftce in settling disputes. Generally in 

 new settlements irresponsible force, without beginning or 

 end except in men's caprice, has been the means of preserv- 

 ing any sort of order or social existence, and there has 

 been a rude and summary administration of justice which 



