132 



tervals of about ten days or two weeks — about three times 

 in all usually is sufficient. 



Pear trees are also infested with the codling moth, and 

 the same remed}^ will apply to them as to apple trees. 



AFTERNOON SESSION. 



The speaker for the afternoon not being able to be pres- 

 ent, a general discussion took place among the audience, 

 mostly on state roads and highways in general. There 

 seemed to be a general interest felt relating to the roads of 

 the county and the manner of building and repairing the 

 same, and almost every person present had something to 

 say in relation to them. 



The last Institute of the season was held in Grand 

 Army Hall, Haverhill, Friday, March 23, 1894. President 

 Appleton presided and introduced Prof. George H. 

 Whitcher of the New Hampshire Experiment Station, who 

 took for his subject, "Dairy Work in General.'' 



In opening the speaker said he would divide his subject 

 into three sections, viz.: First, the cow, that is the ma- 

 chine we are to do our dairying with; second, the food 

 for this cow; and, third, how to produce this food. 



The cows that dairymen are using all over New England 

 are, on the average, unprofitable cows, if we can credit our 

 best statistics. The average cow is giving not more than 

 150 to 160 Boston cans of milk per year. She is a fodder 

 consumer, but not a producer, except that she produces a 

 calf, which, if allowed to mature, is like her mother, only 

 more so. 



This fact has been known for years. It costs more to 

 keep the general run of cows than they produce. And 

 the more a man has of them the poorer he grows ; hence 

 dairying does not pay. 



Now what are we going to do about it? We may 

 squander our time and fodder in feeding better, but we 

 .shall never make this scrub cow respond in a profitable 



