xxv] 



UNGULATA VERA 



687 



chain of animals are found in the same region (N. Africa) in de- 

 posits lying directly above one another. Dr Andrews seems to have 

 discovered the actual locality where the evolution of the Elephant 

 occurred, a discovery which it has fallen to the lot of few to make. 



Sub-order 2. Ungulata vera. 



All the rest of the Ungulata have the thigh and the upper arm 

 more or less buried in the body, whilst the heel and the wrist are 

 raised in walking so that the creature goes along on the tips of its 



FIG. 344. Bones of right fore-foot of existing Perissodactyles. A, Tapir, 

 Tapirus indicus x 4. . B, Khiaoceros, Rhinoceros sumcCtrensis x . C, Horse, 

 Equus cdballus x ^. 



e. Cuneiform (ulnare). I. Lunar (intermedium). m. Magnum (third 

 distal carpal). p. Pisiform. R. Eadius. . Scaphoid (radiale). 

 td. Trapezoid (second distal carpal). tin. Trapezium (first distal carpal). 

 U. Ulna. u. Unciform (conjoined 4th and 5th distal carpals). 



ii v, second to fifth digit. From Flower. 



toes. The bones of the wrist are arranged in transverse rows, the 

 members of two adjacent rows alternating with one another. The 

 first digit in both fore- and hind-limbs is entirely absent. These 

 true Ungulates, UNGULATA VERA, as they are called, are divided 

 into two great groups: (1) the PERISSODACTYLA, in which there 

 is an odd number of toes and in which the true central axis of both 



