MICROSCOPIC 1 ANATOMY OR HISTOLOGY. 3 



masses under it ; while the blood which flows from a cut 

 finger, and the saliva which moistens the mouth, show 

 clearly that liquids exist in the body. 



If we were to go farther and examine closely, outside 

 and inside, any one part of the body, the hand for in- 

 stance, we should find it made up of quite a number of 

 different materials. On its exterior we see skin and 

 nails ; if the skin were dissected off we should find under 

 it, more or less yellowish-white/^; beneath the fat would 

 lie a number of red soft masses, the muscles (answering to 

 what we call the lean of meat) ; under the muscles, again, 

 would be hard, rigid, whitish bones ; at the finger joints, 

 where the ends of different bones lie close together, we 

 should find them covered by still another substance, gristle 

 or cartilage. Finally, binding skin and fat and muscles 

 and bone together, we should discover a tough stringy mate- 

 rial, quite different from all of them, arid which, since it 

 unites all the rest, is called connective tissue. If we took 

 any other portion of the body we should arrive at a similar 

 result ; it, too, would be made up of a number of different 

 materials, which materials might, as in the case of the 

 foot, be identical with those found in the hand but ar- 

 ranged together in a different way so as to perform another 

 function (just as wood and nails may be used to build a 

 house or a bridge, but are put together in a different 

 manner in the two cases); or we might, as in the eye, find 

 in addition to some materials found in the hand others 

 quite unlike any of them. 



What different materials do we see on looking at a hand? 

 What others would be found on dissecting; away the skin? What 

 is the technical name for the lean of meat ? What is the technical 

 name of gristle? What is connective tissue? Are other parts of the 

 body besides the hand made up of different substances ? Illustrate 

 by an example? 



