404 



INDEX AND GLOSSARY 



and division of nuclei, 121 : parasitic 

 nutrition, 123 : reproduction, 124 : means 

 of dispersal, 124 : development, 125 



Opt'inium (pptimus, best) temperature for 

 amoeboid movements, 21 : for sapro- 

 phytic monads, 40 



Organ (opyavov, an instrument), a portion 

 of the body set apart for the perform- 

 ance of a particular function, 291 



Or'ganism, any living thing, whether 

 animal or plant, 5 



Ossicle (diminutive of <>s, a bone), 311 



Ov'ary (ovum, an egg), the female gonad 

 or ovum-producing organ ; see under the 

 various types and especially Vaucheria, 

 172 : atrophy of, in Angiosperms, 382. 

 The name is also incorrectly applied to 

 the venter of the pistil of Angiosperms, 

 381 



Ovi'duct (ovum, an egg ' ditco, to lead), 

 a tube conveying the ova from the ovary 

 to the exterior, 295 



Ovum (ovum, an egg), the female or 

 megagamete in its highest stage of dif- 

 ferentiation : general structure of, 68, 

 69 : minute structure and maturation of, 

 258, 259 : see also under the various 

 types and especially Vaucheria, 172 : 

 formation of, in Angiosperms, 382 



Ov'ule (diminutive of cnntni), the name 

 usually applied to the megasporangium 

 of Phanerogams. 



Oxidation of protoplasm, 15 



OXYTRICH'A (6vs, sharp : 0p<:, a hair), 

 1 20 (Figure) 



Pancreas (rra-yicpeVr, sweetbread), 328 



Pandorina, 266 (Figure), 267 



Param'ylum (napd, beside : aju.vA.oi/, fine 

 meal, starch), 46 



PARAMCE'CIUM : Figures, 108, 115: 

 structure, 107: mode of feeding, 112: 

 asexual reproduction, 114 : conjugation, 

 114 



Par'asite, parasitism (Trapao-tro?, one 

 who lives at another's table) : --Opalina, 

 123 : Bacteria, 92 : Mucor, 167 



Paren'chyma ( napeyxv^a, anything 

 poured in beside, a word originally used 

 to describe the substance of the lungs, 

 liver, and other soft internal organs), 

 applied to the cells of plants the length 

 of which does not greatly exceed their 

 breadth and which have soft non-lignified 

 walls, 6c : ground-parenchyma, 345, 347 



Pari'etal (paries, a wall), applied to the 

 layer of ccelomic epithelium lining the 

 body-wall, 277, 278 



Parthenogenesis (Trapflt'cos, a virgin : 



yeVeeris, origin), development from an 

 unfertilized ovum or other female 

 gamete, 200 



Parthenogenet'ic ova, characteristics ot, 



262 

 Pasteur, Louis, researches on yeast, 78- 



80 



Pasteur's solution, composition of, 76 

 Pedal (pes, the foot) ganglion, Mussel, 



PENICILL'IUM (pcnicillnin, a painter's 

 brush, from the form of the fully-deve- 

 loped aerial hyphae) : Figure, 186 : oc- 

 currence and general characters, 184: 

 mode of growth, 185 : microscopic 

 structure, 185 : formation and germina- 

 tion of spores, 189 : sexual reproduction, 

 190: nutrition, 190: vitality of spores, 

 191 



Pepsin (TreVrco, to digest), the proteolytic 

 or pepsonizing ferment of the gastric 

 juice, 12, 80 



Peptones, 12 



Perianth (irepi, around : ai'flos, a flower), 

 the proximal infertile leaves of a flower, 

 380 



Perisperm (rrepi, around : <r;repju,a, seed), 

 nutrient tissue developed in the nucleus 

 of the seed, 380 (description of figure) 



Peristom'e (rrepi, around : <rr6juia., the 

 mouth), Vorticella, 128 



PeriStom'ium (nepi, around : O-TO/XIOI/, a 

 little mouth), the mouth-bearing segment 

 of worms, 273, 207 



Peritone'um (Trepiroi/aioi/), the membrane 

 covering the viscera, 325 



Pet'alS (TreTaXov, a leaf), the inner or dis- 

 tal perianth leaves in the flower of 

 Angiosperms, 380 



Phar'ynx ($apvy, the throat) : Poly- 

 gordius, 280 : Dogfish, 328 



Phloem (0Aoi6s, bark or bast), the outer 

 portion of a vascular bundle, 349 



Phyla (</>CAoi', a tribe) of the animal king- 

 dom, 307 : of the vegetable kingdom, 

 364 



Phyll'ula (diminutive of $vAAov, a leaf), 

 the stage in the embryo of vascular 

 plants at which the first leaf and root 

 have appeared, 360 : contrasted with 

 gastrula, 360 



Phylog eny (<t>v\oi>, a race : 



origin), the development of the race, 



Physiol'ogy (<(>vcns, the nature or proper 

 of a thing : Ao-j/ps, a discussion), the < 

 partment of biology which treats 

 function, 9 ct seq. 



Pigment-spot, Euglena, 



PileUS (pllcus, a cap), AgaHCtlS, 191 

 Pinna (pinna, a feather), of leaf, 352 

 Pistil (pistillutx, a pestle, from pinso, to 



pound.) See Gyncecium. 

 Plan'ula (diminutive of 7rAai/os, a wander- 

 ing about), the mouthless diploblastic 

 larva of a hydroid, 248 

 Plant, definition of, 176 



