IDENTIFICATION FROM LEAVES. 11 



(b) Leaves smaller and with short leaf -stalk, smooth below, finely 



serrate, slightly heart - shaped at bud, and with less 



prominent glands 20. WILD BLACK OR BIRD CHERRY. 



(6) Leaves usually broadly ovate, taper - pointed and toothed, but 



varying from triangular to rhomboidal or broadly heart-shaped, 



entire at base, doubly -(and often trebly) serrated along the 



upper edges, smooth and shining on older twigs, and often 



with small glandular warty dots (especially on young leaves) 



21. BIRCH. 



(On dry soil the leaves and twigs are warty (COMMON BIRCH), but 

 on wet soil they are pubescent (DOWNY BIRCH).) 



'2. Leaves more or less triangidar or rhomboidal, and with long stalks 



(see also 21. BIRCH above). . 



(1) Leaves usually broadly triangular or rhomboidal or nearly round, 

 ' on slender stalks (POPLAR) : 



(a) Leaves very broadly ovate, mostly wavy-edged or coarsely 



toothed and sometimes lobed, more or less heart-shaped at 

 base, and lower surface of leaf (as also the young shoots) 

 covered with white cottony down (bark whitish) 



22. ABELE OR WHITE POPLAR. 



(b) Leaves smooth and green on both sides : 



(aa) Leaves often pale-green on lower surface, small *and nearly 

 round or rhomboidal (but large on stool - shoots and 

 suckers, and shaped like those of the Abele) with bluntly 

 notched or toothed edges, and long flattened leaf-stalk 

 (hence leaf trembling with slightest breeze) : (bark grey) 

 23. ASPEN OR TREMBLING POPLAR. 



(bb) Leaves of same colour on both sides, with translucent edges, 



broadly rhomboidal or ovate-triangular, but never lobed, 



tapering at top, with lower angles rounded, and with 



small regular teeth (bark blackish) 24. BLACK POPLAR. 



(The CANADIAN BLACK POPLAR has usually] larger and darker 



green leaves than the COMMON BLACK POPLAR.) 



3. Leaves very much longer than broad, and more or less lanceolate, whole 

 and unlobed, with short leaf-stalk (WILLOW) : 



(1) Leaves elliptic-lanceolate, pointed, serrate, grey or white with 



silky hairs on both sides (but especially on lower side), and the 

 lowest serratures glandular t ' 



25. WHITE OR HUNTINGDON WILLOW. 



(2) Leaves lanceolate, pointed, coarsely serrate, green and smooth, 



leaf -stalks glandular ; twigs brittle at junction with stem 



. 26.. CRACK OR REDWOOD WILLOW. 



