12 SYLVICULTURE. 



4. Leaves unequally pinnate : 



(1) Leaves with 11 to 19 leaflets, all narrow-oblong, toothed, and 



from 1 to 2 inches long, smooth or nearly so above, and more 

 or less downy below . . 27. ROWAN OB MOUNTAIN-ASH. 



(2) Leaves with 11 to 21 narrow, ovate, smooth, entire-edged, long- 



stalked leaflets ... 28. ROBINIA OR LOCUST-TREE. 



III. IDENTIFICATION OF COMMON BROAD -LEAVED TREES 

 FROM THEIR FLOWERS. 



A. FLOWERS BISEXUAL OR HERMAPHRODITE, i.e., CONTAINING BOTH THE 



MALE ORGANS (stamens) AND THE FEMALE (pistil)' * 



/. STAMENS FREE AND SEPARATE 



(a) FLOWERS INCOMPLETE, i.e., without calyx or corolla, or with a 



floral envelope (perianth) in place of calyx or corolla, and the 

 flowers appearing before the leaves. 



1. Flowers each with 2 stamens and 1 pistil, clustered in short 

 lateral racemes, without calyx or corolla (or sometimes 

 monoecious, i.e., with only male or only female organs, but 

 both male and female flowers on same tree) . 1. ASH. 



2. . Flowers reddish, in dense lateral clusters, surrounded by 

 brownish bracts forming a bell-shaped perianth with 4 to 6 

 short lobes or teeth, and as many stamens, and 2 pistils or 

 2 stigmas (ELM) : 



(1) Flowers and perianth almost sessile, 4-cleft, brownish (March 



and April) . . 2. ENGLISH OR SMALL-LEAVED ELM. 



(2) Flowers and perianth on longer stalks, loosely tufted, 5- 



or 6-cleft, reddish (April, May) 3. SCOTS OR WYCH ELM. 



(b) FLOWERS COMPLETE, i.e., with calyx, corolla, stamens, and pistil 



all present. 



1. Flowers with bell-shaped 5-toothed calyx, and irregular 4- or 



5 -leaved corolla with white petals spotted with red near 

 centre, and with 7 or 8 free stamens and 1 pistil with 2 

 stigrnas ; flowers in stiff erect racemes 4. HORSE-CHESTNUT. 



2. Flowers with 4- or 5-leaved corolla and calyx, 8 free stamens 



and 1 pistil with 2 stigmas (MAPLE) : 



(1) Flowers green, in loose, oblong, hanging racemes, and 



appearing along with the leaves 



5. SYCAMORE OR SCOTS PLANE. 



(2) Flowers yellowish-green, in upright corymbs, and appearing 



before the leaves . 6. NORWAY MAPLE. 



