208 



THE PROTECTION OF WOODLANDS. 



Fig. 48. 



heaps of turf-humus, dung, &c., may also be employed; and grubs 

 collecting under these can be gathered and destroyed. Or potatoes may 

 be placed below ground and examined daily. Equally destructive are 

 the two smaller species, the * Summer- Chafer, Rhizotrogus solstitialis, 

 and the * Garden-Chafer or Bracken-clock, Phyllopertha horticola, and 

 all three have increased during the last ten years. They are easily 

 distinguished from the Cockchafer, as the Summer-Chafer is about f in. 

 long, reddish-brown, and slightly hairy, and the Garden-Chafer about 

 to in. long, the front part of the body greenish with metallic sheen, 

 and the elytra reddish-brown ; and they both appear in June and July, 

 about a month later than the Cockchafer ; but the grubs are very similar 



when young, and difficult to identify, 

 though they are smaller when full-grown. 

 The habits of the grubs are very similar 

 to those of the Cockchafer. 



D. LONGHORN BEETLES (Cerambycidai). 

 * The Musk- scented Willow Longhorn, 

 Aromia moschata, is a thin beetle about 

 1 in. long, with glossy metallic sheen 

 varying from rich blue and green to 

 coppery red, with a strong spine on each 

 side of thorax, the feelers of 9 shorter, 

 and those of <5 much longer than the 

 body. The larva is very destructive by 

 boring into old pollarded Willows, and 

 also into Lime-trees. 



The large Poplar Longhorn, Sapcrda 

 carcharias (Fig. 48), the larva) of which 

 chiefly infest Poplars and Willows up to 

 about 20 years old, is about 1 to 1 in. 

 long (with antenna) of about same length), clay-grey to yellowish-brown, 

 and with thorax and wing-cases covered with shining black spots. 



The small Poplar Longhorn, Saperda populnea, about 3 in. long, and 

 black, with yellow or yellowish-grey hairs, often infests the branches of 

 young Poplars without doing them much harm. 

 E. SAWHORN BEETLES, JBuprestidce. 



The Green Saw -horn beetle, Agrilus viridis, about in. long, and 

 usually blackish with a lustrous metallic blue, green, or olive sheen, 

 appears in June and July, when the 9 lays eggs singly or in clusters of 

 2 or 3 on the bark near the base of young Beech or Oak. The larva) 

 hatch out 4 to 6 weeks later, feed on the cambium and kill saplings 

 or make them sickly and cankered-like, hibernate inside the stems for 

 two winters, then pupate in the cambium or the sapwood in the follow- 



Large Poplar Longicorn. 



a. Beetle (natural size). 



b. Larva (natural size). 



c. Head of larva (magnified). 



