244 



THE PROTECTION OF WOODLANDS. 



weather, but develop freely in a wet May or June. Young plantations are 

 thus often injured, until attacks cease at about 30 years old. Remedy. 

 Dry warm weather retards and checks the disease ; 

 but the only way to prevent would be to collect 

 and burn all Poplar foliage infected with the 

 Melampsora-stage, and all Pine-shoots infected. 

 Other less important kinds of Poplar Melamp- 

 sora are the M. larici-tremulce, producing resting- 



Fig. 60. 



Damage to crowns of young Pine by Caeoma pinitor- 

 quum, the abnormal bends being caused by the 

 fungus. 



Damage caused to Scots 

 Pine by Melampsora 

 pinitorqua in its 

 cceoma-form, Caeoma 

 pinitorquum. 



y Bent infected spots, which 

 here happen to be both 

 qn same side of twig. 



spores on Aspen and Poplars, and its Coeoma- 



form on Larch (C. laricis), and M. larici-populina 



on Black Poplars + (7. laricis on Larch, the 



Cceoma being similar in both cases, and forming 



small, bright, orange-yellow pustules on the Larch leaves. There are also 



several kinds of willow-rust fungi, some of which may in their Melamp- 



sora-stage greatly damage osiers by making their leaves black-spotted and 



