46 



STRUCTURAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL BOTANY. 



360. If they are united both with the surface of the calyx 

 and of the ovary, they are epigynous ; Ex. Umbelliferse. 



361. When two are long and two are short 217 , they are 

 called didynamous ; and if out of six two opposite ones are 

 shorter than the other four, they are tetradynamous. 



362. The filaments (349) are either distinct or united by 

 their margins. If they are united in one tube, they are called 

 monadelphous 216 ; Ex. Malva : if in two parcels, diadelphous" 19 ; 

 Ex. Pea : if in several, polyadelphous" 13 ; Ex. Hypericum. 



363. When they are united in a solid body, along with the 

 style, they form what is called a column, and are said to be 

 gynandrous" 06 . 



Filaments are sometimes apparently forked 209 , in consequence of the separation 

 of the connective (366), into two arms ; strumose, when a tubercle forms upon 

 their face 220 ; stupose, if covered with long hairs 212 ; and toothed 214 , if their 

 margin is lengthened on either side beyond the attachment of the anther 214 . 



364. The filament is not essential to a stamen, and is often 

 absent. 



365. The anther~ io is the limb of the stamen, forming within 

 its substance, and finally emitting a matter called pollen. 



366. The two sides of the anther are called its lobes ; and 

 the solid substance which connects them, and which is in fact 

 a continuation of the filament, as the midrib of a leaf is of the 

 petiole, is named the connective. 



367. The connective is usually simple and uninterrupted ; 

 but it is sometimes lengthened into two arms 209 , or is articu- 



