FRUIT. 



59 



498. All fruits are either simple or multiple. 



499. Simple fruits proceed from a single flower ; Ex. 

 Poeony, Apple, Nut, Strawberry. 



500. Multiple fruits are formed out of several flowers D F ; 

 Ex. Fir, Pine-apple, Fig. They are masses of inflorescence 

 in a state of adhesion, and are also called anthocarpous. 



501. Simple fruits are either the maturation of a single 

 carpel (406), or of a pistil formed by the union of several 

 carpels (408). 



502. Of fruits formed of a single carpel, the most import- 

 ant are the Follicle (503), Legume (504), Drupe (507), 

 Achenium (508), Caryopsis (511), and Utricle (512). 



503. The Follicle is a carpel dehiscing by the ventral 

 suture, and having no dorsal suture 260 . 



504. The Legume is a carpel having both a ventral and 

 dorsal suture, and dehiscing by both, either, or neither 263 E 258 . 



505. The two sutures of a legume sometimes form what is 

 called a replum ; Ex. Carmichselia. 



506. When articulations take place across the legume, and 

 it falls into several pieces, it is said to be lomentaceous" 51 262 . 



507. The Drupe differs from the follicle in being indehis- 

 cent, and in its pericarp having a distinct separation of epicarp 

 (482), sarcocarp, and endocarp' 59 . 



508. The Achenium is an indehiscent, bony, one-seeded 



