60 



STRUCTURAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL BOTANY. 



pericarp, which does not contract any degree of adhesion with 

 the integument of the seed 251 249 . 



509. It is a drupe, the pericarp of which does not sepa- 

 rate into three layers. 



The Achenium is pappose when it bears the remains of a calyx at its apex ; Ex. 

 Compositae : and is truncate 245 , or rostrate* 46 , while the pappus is setaceous 245 , 

 double 245 , plumose 246 , or paleaceous 251 . If the style remains and becomes 

 feathery, forming a kind of tail, the achenium is caudate 249 . 



510. Occasionally the achenium is elevated on a large 

 fleshy receptacle, as in Anacardium 250 . 



511. The Caryopsis is an indehiscent, membranous, one- 

 seeded pericarp, which adheres firmly to the integument of 

 the seed ; Ex. Corn. 



512. The Utricle is a caryopsis, the pericarp of which has 

 no adhesion with the integuments of the seed ; Ex. Eleusine, 

 Ohenopodium. 



513. Of fruit formed of several carpels, the principal are 

 the Capsule (514), Pyxis (520), Samara (517), Cremocarp 

 (518), Nuculanium (519), Siliqua (515), Nut or Gland (517), 

 Berry (522), Orange (523), Pome (524), Pepo (525), and 

 Balausta (526). 



514. The Capsule is a many-celled, dry, dehiscent peri- 

 carp 253 256 264 269 



It i* stellate 256 , toothed at the apex 265 , or spiral"* ; if its cells remain close 

 alter separation 268 , they are named cocci. 



