100 DE CANDOLLE'S SYSTEM. 



3-lobed, 1 -celled, many-seeded, with 3 parietal placentae. 

 Fruit opening at the apex. Embryo incurved. 



USES. Mignionette, so well known for its fragrance, is 

 Reseda odorata. R. luteola yields a yellow dye. 



TYPICAL GENERA. Reseda, Ochradenus. 



16. Flacourtiacea. Shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate, 

 without stipules. Sepals from 4-7. Petals equal to them 

 in number. Stamens occasionally changed into nectariferous 

 scales. Ovary roundish ; stigmas several, more or less dis- 

 tinct. Fruit 1-celled, capsular or fleshy, the centre filled 

 with a thin pulp. Seeds few, attached to the lining of the 

 fruit in a branched manner. Embryo in albumen. 



USES. The fruit of some eatable and pleasant in India. 



TYPICAL GENERA. Flacourtia, Roumea. 



17. Bixacete. Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, with 

 deciduous stipules and pellucid dots. Sepals 4-7, imbricated. 

 Petals of a like number. Stamens indefinite, distinct. Ovary 

 sessile ; placentae 4-7, parietal ; styles 1-2-4. Fruit 1-celled, 

 fleshy or capsular, many-seeded. Seeds enveloped in pulp. 

 Albumen hardly present. 



USES. The seeds of Bixa Orellana are covered with a 

 pulp, which, when dry, is the Arnotta of shops, used for 

 colouring cheese. Otherwise the properties uncertain. 



TYPICAL GENERA. Bixa, Prockia, Azara. 



18. Cistacea. Shrubs or herbaceous plants. Leaves 

 usually entire, stipulate or exstipulate. Sepals 3 or 5, per- 

 sistent, unequal, in a broken whorl, the three inner twisted. 

 Petals 5, often crumpled, twisted in a direction contrary 

 to that of the sepals. Stamens indefinite. Ovary 1- or many- 

 celled ; ovules with their foramen at their apex ; style single ; 

 stigma simple. Fruit either 1-celled with parietal placentae, 

 or imperfectly 5- or 10-celled. Seeds indefinite. Embryo 

 inverted, either spiral or curved, in the midst of mealy al- 

 bumen. Radicle remote from the hilum. 



USES. Unimportant. The balsamic Gum Ladanum is a 

 spontaneous secretion from Cistus Creticus and others. Many 

 are beautiful garden plants, with large delicate flowers. 



TYPICAL GENERA. Cistus, Helianthemum. 



