102 



DE CANDOLLE'S SYSTEM. 



21. Violaceee. Herbaceous plants, or shrubs, or trees. 

 Leaves stipulate, with an involute vernation. Sepals 5, per- 

 sistent, imbricate, Petals 5, regular or irregular, one some- 

 times spurred. Stamens definite in number ; filaments di- 

 lated ; connective elongated beyond the anthers. Ovary 

 1-celled, with 3 parietal placentae ; style with a hooded stigma. 

 Capsule of 3 valves, bearing the placentae in their axis. 

 Embryo large, straight, in fleshy albumen. 



USES. Roots emetic. Those of the common Sweet Violet 

 and other species have been employed medicinally. loni- 

 dium Poaya yields one sort of Brazilian Ipecacuanha. 

 Viola canina and some others have the power of removing 

 some cutaneous affections, and have been employed as cos- 

 metics. 



TYPICAL GENERA. Viola, Alsodeia. 



Corynostyhs Hybanthus. 1. A set of stamens, each having the connective lemrth- 

 I beyond the anther in the form of a scale. 2. A spurred petal. 3. A trans- 



Tary ' WiDg ^ thlee Parietal Placen ^ 4 ' A rie frrit- 5 ' An 



22.Polygalacea. Shrubs or herbaceous plants. Leaves 



alternate, destitute of stipules. Pedicels with three bracts. 



lowers unsymmetrical. Sepals 5, very irregular, often glu- 



laceous. Petals consolidated, hypogynous, usually 3, of 



which 1 is anterior and larger than the rest. Stamens usually 



tube; anthers innate, 1-celled, and opening at their apex. 



