EXOGEN^E CALYCIFLOR.3E. 133 



79. Escattoniacea. Shrubs with alternate, toothed, 

 glandular, exstipulate leaves. Flowers showy. Calyx 5- 

 toothed. Petals forming a tube, but finally separating ; aesti- 

 vation imbricated. Stamens definite. Disk conical, epi- 

 gynous. Ovary 2-celled, with two large polyspermous pla- 

 centse in the axis ; style simple ; stigma 2-lobed. Fruit 

 capsular, splitting by the separation of the cells at their 

 base. Seeds minute ; embryo in oily albumen. 



USES. Unknown. 



TYPICAL GENUS. Escallonia. 



80. Hamamelacea. Shrubs. Leaves alternate, with de- 

 ciduous stipules. Flowers sometimes unisexual. Calyx in 

 4 pieces. Petals 4, linear. Stamens 8 ; 4 being sterile. 

 Ovary 2-celled ; styles 2 ; ovules solitary, pendulous. Fruit 

 capsular. Embryo in the middle of horny albumen. 



USES. Unknown. 



TYPICAL GENERA. Hamamelis, Fothergilla. 



81. Araliacea. Trees, shrubs, or herbaceous plants, with 

 the habit of Apiacese. Calyx entire or toothed. Petals 

 5-10. Stamens equal to the petals or twice as many, arising 

 from without an epigynous disk. Ovary with more cells than 

 two. Fruit succulent or dry, consisting of several 1-seeded 

 cells. Seeds pendulous. Embryo minute, in copious albumen. 



USES. Panax quinquifolium forms the root Ginseng, re- 

 garded by the Chinese as a powerful stimulant. A sort of 

 Sarsaparilla is prepared in North America from Aralia nu- 

 dicaulis. Common Ivy, Hedera Helix, has irritating leaves. 



TYPICAL GENERA. Hedera, Aralia. 



82. Cornaceee. Trees or shrubs, seldom herbs. Leaves 

 (except in one species) opposite, entire or toothed. Flowers 

 occasionally dioecious. Sepals 4. Petals 4, oblong, broad, 

 valvate. Stamens 4, alternate with the petals. Drupe 

 crowned by the calyx, 2-celled. Seeds pendulous, solitary. 

 Albumen fleshy. 



USES. Cornus mascula, the Cornelian Cherry, and some 

 others, produce a succulent eatable fruit of bad quality. C. 

 florida and sericea have a powerfully tonic bark. 



TYPICAL GENERA. Cornus, Aucuba. 



