EXOGEN^l COROLLIFLORJE. 147 



the Mudar plant, is powerfully alterative and purgative. 

 Many species have a tough fibre, which renders them fit for 

 cordage ; others yield abundance of Caoutchouc. 



TYPICAL GENERA. Periploca, Stapelia, Physianthus. 



Schubertia multiflora. 1. The anthers united to the stigma. 2. The ovary and 

 stigma, from the latter of which the pollen masses have been removed. 3. A pair of 

 pendulous pollen masses, with their gland. 4. The ripe follicles. 



107. Bignoniacea. Trees or shrubs, often twining or 

 climbing. Leaves opposite, usually compound, without sti- 

 pules. Flowers large and showy. Calyx inferior, sometimes 

 spathaceous. Corolla irregular. Stamens 5, of which 1 al- 

 ways and sometimes 3 are sterile. Ovary in a disk, 2-celled, 

 polyspermous ; style 1 ; stigma of 2 plates. Fruit berried or 

 capsular ; if the latter, 2-valved, 2-celled, long and com- 

 pressed. Seeds often winged ; albumen 0. 



USES. Usually beautiful plants. Some have hard timber, 

 and a red fecula is obtained from the leaves of Bignonia Che- 

 rere and others. The genera with berried fruit form a pecu- 

 liar division, and include Crescentia Cujete, the Calabash-tree, 

 and Parmentiera edulis, both of which have eatable fruit. 



TYPICAL GENERA. Bignonia, Tecoma. 



108. Cyrtandraceee. Herbs. Leaves opposite, often radi- 

 cal. Flowers showy. Calyx inferior, campanulate, equal. 



Corolla irregular, imbricated. Stamens didynamous. Disk 



i 2 



