LIST OF WOODCUTS. xix 



FIG. PAGE 



123. Human Braiu. (Median longitudinal vertical section.) (Mainly after 



Reichert.) 148 



124. Convolutions of the Human Brain. (After A. Ecker.) 149 



125. Diagrammatic Figure of the Principal Bands of Nerve-Fibres of the Mam- 



malian Brain. (From a drawing by A. Ecker.) 149 



126. Casts of the Brain-Cases of Eocene Mammals. (After Marsh.) 150 



127. Cranial Nerves and Brachial Plexus of Salamandra atra 153 



128. Chiasma of the Optic Nerves. (Semidiagrammatic.) A, chiasma as seen 



in the greater number of Teleostei ; B, in Herring ; C, in Lacerta agilis ; 



D, in an Agama ; E, in a higher Mammal 156 



129. Cranial Nerves of Anguisfragilis *. . 157 



130. Cranial Nerves and Brachial Plexus of Scyllium canicula 159 



131. A, peripheral nerve-ending, as seen in all the higher sensory nerves ; B, 



rod-shaped end-cell of a sensory organ of the integument of a Fish or 

 Amphibian, or a taste-cell ; C, free, and D, ganglionated nerve-ending 



of the integumentary sensory organs of terrestrial Vertebrates 163 



132. Transverse Section of a Freely-Projecting Segmental Sense-Orgau .... 164 



133. Distribution of the Lateral Sense-Organs in a Salamander Larva .... 164 



134. Diagram showing the Distribution of the Sensory Organs of the Lateral 



Line in Fishes 165 



135. Organ of the Lateral Line of a Urodele. (Semidiagrammatic.) 165 



136. A Tactile Spot from the Skin of the Frog. (Modified from Merkel.) ... 167 



137. Tactile Corpuscle from the Tongue of a Bird 167 



138. A Tactile Corpuscle (End-Bulb) from the Conjunctiva of a Mammal ... 168 



139. A Pacinian Corpuscle from the Beak of the Duck. (After J. Carriere.) . 168 



140. Epithelium of the Olfactory Mucous Membrane. A, of Pctromyzon planeri ; 



B, of Salamandra atra 170 



141. Anterior Portion of Head of Acipenser sturio 171 



142. Anterior Portion of the Head of Polypterus 172 



143. Olfactory Organ of Menobranchus lateralis. (From the dorsal side.) . . . 173 



144. Transverse Section through the Olfactory Cavities of Plethodon glutinosus 



(Myctodera) , 173 



145. Diagram of the Olfactory Organ of a Lizard. (Longitudinal vertical sec- 



tion.) 174 



146. Transverse Section through the Right Nasal Cavity of a Shrike (Lanius 



'minor) 175 



147. Transverse Vertical Section through the Nasal Cavity of Man 177 



148. Dissection of the Head of Epicrium glutinosum. (Dorsal view.) .... 178 



149. The Left So-called "Tentacle" of Ccecilia oxyura. (Opened from the 



dorsal side.) 179 



150. Diagrams showing the Mode of Formation of the Eye in Invertebrates 



(A) and Vertebrates (B) .* 181 



151 A. Diagram showing the Mode of Formation of the Primary Optic Vesicles 



(ABl] 182 



15lB. Semidiagrammatic Figure of the Secondary Optic Vesicle, and of the 



Lens becoming separated off from the Epiblast 182 



