COMPARATIVE ANATOMY. 



to the arytenoids, and the latter to the cricoid cartilage of 

 higher Vertebrates. These are all firmly united to one another by 



ce 



ex. 1 



-Up 



FIG. 206. CARTILAGINOUS SKELETON OF THE LARYNGO-TRACHEAL CHAMBER OF 

 Eana esculenta. (A, from above ; B, from the side.) 



Ca, Ca, arytenoid cartilage ; C.I. 1 to (7.Z. 4 , cricoid cartilage ; Sp, process of the 

 latter ; P, plate-like broadening out of the ventral part of the cricoid ; SR, 

 glottis ; ***, three tooth-like prominences of the arytenoids. 



connective-tissue, the vocal cords being situated on the inner surfaces 

 of the arytenoids. 



Reptiles. The larynx of Reptiles is supported by cartilaginous 

 elements comparable to those of Anura, there being two sets of 



D 



FIG. 207. LARYNX OF Phyllodactylus europceus. (A, skeleton, and B, musculature 



of laiynx.) 



Ar, arytenoids ; Cc, cricoid ; S, anterior median process of cricoid ; S l t sphincter ; 

 D, dilator ; T, trachea ; Oe, basi-hyal. 



cartilages, a paired arytenoid, and a ring-shaped cricoid (Fig. 

 207, Ar, Cc). 



