20 SPRING FLORA 



usually without stipules. Sepals 4-5. Petals 4-5, often 

 clawed; or none. Stamens 3-10, borne on the calyx or 

 on the receptacle. Styles 2-5. Ovary 1- (rarely 3-5-) 

 celled; seeds several or many, borne on a central pla- 

 centa. Fruit a capsule (or rarely a utricle). 



Calyx of united sepals. 



Styles 2 1. Supoiiaria 



Styles 3, or rarely 4 2. Sllene 



Calyx of distinct sepals. 



Petals (if present) entire or slightly notched. . 3. Arenaria 

 Petals (if present) deeply notched. 



Pod short and straight; styles usually 3.... 4. Stellarla 

 Pods long- and often curved; styles usually 



5 5. Cerastium 



1. SAPONARIA. (Includes Vaccaria.) Soapwort. 



Herbs with erect or diffuse stems and rather broad leaves. 

 Calyx 5-toothed. Petals 5; entire or slightly notched, long- 

 clawed. Stamens 10. 



1. S. Vaccaria L. (Vaccaria Vaccaria Britton; V. vulgaris 

 Host.) Cow Herb; Cow Cockle. A dichotomously-branched 

 erect-stemmed glabrous annual 1-3 ft. high. Leaves lance- 

 plate or ovate-lanceolate; clasping at base. Flowers pink, % 

 inch broad, on long and slender pedicels; in corymbose cymes. 

 Calyx strongly 5-angled, enlarged in fruit. Petals crenulate, 

 without scales at base. In dry, sandy soil. June-August. 



2. SII.ENE. Catchfly. 



Flowers solitary, cymose or panicled. Calyx cylindric; 4-5- 

 toothed. Petals 4-5, narrow-clawed. In some species, each 

 petal has 2 scales at base, and these scales collectively form 

 a crown. Stamens 10. Ovary 1-celled. Fruit a capsule. 



Annual or biennial; inflorescence a cyme or 



panicle 1. S. antirrlilna 



Perennial; flowers solitary in the forks of leafy 



branches 2. S. Menzleali 



1. S. antirrhina L. Sleepy Catchfly. Slender, glabrous, with 

 a part of each joint viscid and colored red or brown; 4-20 inches 

 high. Leaves narrowly-lanceolate to linear; sessile or the 

 lowermost narrowed into a petiole. Flowers small; in a loose 

 cymose panicle; becoming fully expanded only in bright sun- 

 shine. Petals pale-pink; obcordate, minutely-crowned. On 

 dry, gravelly hills. June-September. 



2. S. Menziesii Hook. Glandular-puberulent, much- 

 branched, 6-18 inches high. Leaves sessile, or the lowermost 

 short-petioled; elliptical or lanceolate. Inflorescence leafy; 

 axillary and terminal. Peduncles slender, as long as the leaves. 

 Flowers v /z~Vz inch long. Calyx 5-toothed, much shorter than 

 the corolla, and about the length of the capsule. Petals white, 

 2-cleft, without scales. In moist shaded places, especially near 

 mountain streams. June-August. 6,000-10,000 ft.' 



