64 SPRING FLORA 



4. O. subacaulis (Pursh.) (Taraxia subacaulis (Pursh) 

 Rydb.; O. heterantha Nutt.) Glabrous or glabrate perennial. 

 Leaves lanceolate, tapering into a slender petiole; entire or 

 denticulate. Calyx-segments linear-lanceolate; calyx-tube 

 longer than the ovary. Capsules sessile; 4-winged. May- 

 August. In the mountains. 



5. O. utahcnsis (Small). (Sphaerostigma utahense Small). 

 A villous annual, with- a stem a foot or less high. Leaves 

 varying from spatulate to ovate, densely villous; narrowed into 

 slender petioles. Flowers white. Style slender; longer than 

 the stamens. Stigma capitate. Capsule linear, sessile, scarcely 

 narrowed above; slightly glandular. June. 



6. O. caespitosa Nutt. (Pachylophus caespitosus (Nutt.) Rai- 

 mann.) Biennial or perennial from a thick root. Leaves all 

 basal, forming a loose rosette; lanceolate or oblanceolate, nar- 

 rowed into a slender petiole; sinuate-dentate. Flowers few; 

 white or rose-color; erect in bud. Calyx-tube long, resembling 

 a peduncle. Capsules sessile; crested or margined. Stigma 

 4-lobed. On sunny mountain slopes, usually among rocks. 

 May-July. 



7. O. marginata Nutt. (Pachylophus marginatus (Nutt.) 

 Rydb.) Much like No. 5, but the leaves are not leathery, the 

 flowers are larger and with a tendency to open farther, the 

 calyx and fruit are densely hirsute and the leaves are scarcely 

 less so, and the capsule is stipitate. Dry gravelly plains, April- 

 June. Locally known as "Sand Lily." 



3. CLARKIA. 



Erect annuals with brittle, somewhat succulent stems. 

 Leaves alternate; petioled or the uppermost sessile. Inflor- 

 escence terminal; racemose. Flowers showy. Petals 4; purple 

 or red-violet; clawed.' Stamens 8, but the 4 opposite the 

 petals often sterile. Style 1; stigma 1, broadly 4-lobed. Ovary 

 4-celled. Capsule 4-angled. 



1. C. rhomfooidea Dougl. More or less branched, finely pu- 

 berulent; 1-3 ft. high. Leaves elliptical-lanceolate to elliptical- 

 ovate, with entire margins. Petals entire, rhomboidal; 

 rose-purple, often with dots of darker purple near the base. 

 Anthers all perfect. Capsule sessile, often somewhat curved. 

 In rich, moist soil in light shade. May-July. 



4. GATJRA. 



Tall herbs with sessile, alternate leaves. Flowers small, 

 in spikes or racemes. Calyx-tube reflexed, deciduous. Petals 

 clawed; unequal or turned toward the upper side; reddish or 

 white and becoming rose-color on fading. Stamens (and often 

 the style) turned downward; each filament appendaged in 

 front. Stigma 4-lobed. Fruit 3-8-angled or ribbed. 



1. G. parviflora Dougl. Perennial with a much -branched 

 stem, 2-6 ft. high. Leaves soft-downy; lanceolate to ovate- 

 lanceolate with acute or acuminate apices and wavy margins. 

 Flowers pink, in long terminal spikes. Fruit 8-ribbed, sessile, 

 narrowed at both ends. In dry soil. June-September. 



