38 The Spraying of Plants. 



Millardet believed that if one or two winter treatments were 

 made regularly for three years, the anthracnose could be entirely 

 cured; and at the present day this grape disease is well under 

 control in Europe. 



Millardet's formula for making the Bordeaux mixture in 1887 

 was as follows : x 



Copper sulphate 3 kilos. 



Quicklime 1 kilo. 



Water 100 liters. 



He also proposed several others, but this is the one which 

 promised the best results both as regards its application and its 

 fungicidal value. 



In a comparative trial of Bordeaux mixture and sulpho- 

 steatite on potatoes and tomatoes, the powder gave apparently 

 the best results. 2 Its value consisted in the fact that it adhered 

 to the foliage better than the Bordeaux mixture, and that it 

 reached the under as well as the upper side of the leaves. This 

 is especially true for the tomato, and he advised the use of this 

 powder upon these two plants. 



The formulas recommended for making the Bordeaux mix- 

 ture in 1888 all mentioned greatly reduced amounts of copper 

 sulphate and lime. Millardet and Gayon found 3 that by reduc- 

 ing the amount of lime the mixture was rendered more adher- 

 ent. In their experiments carried on at Dausac in 1887, a 

 careful study was made of the effects produced by the use of 

 different amounts of copper sulphate. The original formula 

 contained 6 kilos of this salt in 1 hectoliter of the mixture. 

 Millardet and David w r ere so well convinced of the value of 

 these more dilute mixtures that the former advised 4 the use 

 of only 1 kilo in a hectoliter of water ; but if a severe attack of 

 mildew was feared, the use of 2 kilos was thought to be safer. 



Eau celeste was also used in this work, but it proved to be 

 inferior to the Bordeaux mixture. This was found to be true 

 even to a greater extent in the case of other preparations con- 

 taining ammonia. 



i Jour. d'Aff. Prat. 188T, May 19, 704. 



J Ibid. June 9, 807. See, also, " Peronospora de la Yigne et Sulpho steatite 

 cuprique," Dr. B. Nabias, 1887, Bordeaux. 

 3 Ibid. 1888, May 3, 623. 

 * Ibid. 624. 



