248 The Spraying of Plants. 



applications should be repeated at intervals of two to four days 

 if the insects persist. Kerosene emulsion is also an excellent 

 remedy, but it is more expensive. The lice are veiy easily 

 killed, and any of the insecticides which kill by contact will 

 destroy them. 



Borers (a) Flat-headed borer (Chrysobothrisfemorata, Fabr.) ; 

 (&) Round-headed borers (Saperda Candida, and S. cretata, Fabr.). 

 These insects cannot be controlled by spraying. Various 

 washes containing carbolic acid, clay, and many other ingre- 

 dients have been recommended to drive or keep the insects 

 from the trees, but none have proved to be of much value. 

 The best and safest line of treatment is to dig out the larvae, 

 or to run a wire into the burrow until the insects are reached. 



Bud-Moth (Tmetocera ocellana, Fabr.). Description. The 

 adult, also known as the eye-spotted bud-moth, measures about 

 three-fourths of an inch across the fore wings. " The head, 

 thorax, and basal third of the fore wings, and also the outer 

 edge and fringe are dark ashen gray, the middle of the fore 

 wings is cream white, marked more or less with costal streaks 

 of gray, and, in some specimens, this part is ashy gray, but 

 little lighter than the base. . . . The hind wings above and 

 below and the abdomen are ashy gray. The under side of the 

 fore wings is darker, and has a series of light, costal streaks on 

 the outer part." 1 The insect appears to have but a single brood 

 in the North. The eggs are laid during June and July. Accord- 

 ing to Slingerland, 2 these hatch in from seven to ten days ; the 

 larvae feed upon the foliage until about half grown, this requir- 

 ing a period of about six weeks. They then form a small 

 silken case, well concealed in the crevices of the twigs, and 

 there they remain until the following spring. When the buds 

 are swelling, and even after they have burst, the larvae again 

 appear. They are then small and dark brown, "about one- 

 fourth of an inch in length, with a shining black head and 

 thoracic shield." 3 They injure large trees, and also those in 

 the nursery ; in the latter case they are particularly destructive, 

 since the future shape of the tree may be seriously affected by 

 the loss of the terminal buds. The opening buds are eaten and 



1 Fernald, Mass. Hatch. Afjrio. Exp. Sla. 1891, April, Bull. 12, 7. 



2 Cornell Agrie. Exp. Sta. 1893, March, Bull. 50, 14. 

 8 Ibid. 10. 



