OF THE HUMAN FAMILY. 197 



tors above grandfather and the several descendants below grandson from each other. 

 It is repeated both in the lineal and collateral lines as far as you choose to follow 

 the chain of consanguinity. 



Another peculiarity of the Pawnee consists in the absence of separate terms for 

 elder and younger brother, and for elder and younger sister. There are terms for 

 brother and sister in the abstract which are used by the males, and another set 

 used by the females ; besides which there is a series of terms, as in the Dakota and 

 Winnebagoe, for each of several sons, and for each of several daughters, according 

 to the order of their birth. The plural number is wanting, not only as to the terms 

 of relationship, but it is also said to be entirely wanting in the language itself. 1 

 It is formed by adding the number, or the word for all. 



First Indicative Feature. My brother's son and daughter, Ego a male, are my 

 son and daughter. With Ego a female, they are the same. 



Second. My sister's son and daughter, Ego a male, are my nephew and niece. 

 With Ego a female, they are my son and daughter. 



Third. My father's brother is my father. 



Fourth. My father's brother's son and daughter are my brother and sister, 

 E-dali'-deh and E-td'-heh. With Ego a female they are the same, but different 

 terms are used, E-rats'-leh and E-dd'-deh. 



Fifth (wanting). My father's sister is my mother. 



Sixth. My mother's brother is my uncle. 



Seventh. My mother's sister is my mother. 



Eighth. My mother's sister's son and daughter are my brother and sister. 



Ninth. My grandfather's brother is my grandfather. 



Tenth. The several collateral lines follow the series established in the lineal line ; 

 e.g., the son and daughter of my collateral brother, Ego a male, are my son and 

 daughter ; of my collateral sister, are my nephew and niece ; and the children of 

 each are my grandchildren. The children of the latter that is, of my grand- 

 children are my nephews and nieces ; their children are, again, my sons and 

 daughters ; and the children of the latter are my grandchildren. 



With respect to the relationships between the children of a brother and sister, 

 they are as follows : My father's sister's son and daughter, Ego a male, are my 

 father and mother ; the son and daughter of this father are my brother and sister ; 

 and the series below is the same as in the case of the descendants of my other col- 

 lateral brothers. The son and daughter of this mother are my father and mother 

 again, and their respective descendants continue to be fathers and mothers in an 

 infinite series. This is variant from the Chocta form in some particulars. With 

 Ego a female these relationships are the same. 



1 This fact was communicated to me by Rev. Samuel Allis, who for twenty-five years was a 

 missionary of the American Board among the Pawnees. The pronouns my or mine, they, and his 

 are separate, e. g. : 



My head, Pak'-so ko'-ta-te. My face, Ska'-o ko'-ta-te. 



Thy " Pak'-so ko'-ta-se. Thy " Ska'-o ko'-ta-se. 



His " Pak'-so ko'-ta. His " Ska'-o ko'-ta. 



