260 SYSTEMS OF CONSANGUINITY AND AFFINITY 



that the existence somewhere of absolute proof of the affirmative is to be presumed. 

 It is extremely probable, not to say certain, that their systems of relationship would 

 furnish the deficient evidence. At all events it might be expected to establish 

 either the affirmative or the negative. Entertaining this belief, it is with much 

 regret that I am able to furnish the system of but three nations of Village Indians, 

 and these imperfectly worked out. Although the New Mexican Village Indians 

 are now under the supervision of the national government, through superintendents 

 and agents, their country seems, notwithstanding, to be hermetically sealed, so far 

 as ethnological investigations are concerned, unless they are made in person. India 

 and China are both much more accessible. For six years in succession the effort 

 to procure their system of relationship was repeated until every available resource 

 was exhausted. The two New Mexican schedules obtained are, however, of some 

 value. They are carried far enough to show that they possess an elaborate system; 

 and that it is coincident, substantially, with the common typical form, as far as it is 

 given. 



Some notice of the dialects and stock languages in New Mexico and Arizona 

 should precede this limited exposition of their system of relationship. There are, 

 at present, seven recognized stock languages spoken by the Village Indians within 

 these areas. Lieut. Simpson furnished specimen vocabularies of the first five here- 

 after named, and with it a classification of the nations enumerated by him. 1 Prof. 

 Turner classified the remaining Pueblo Indians upon vocabularies furnished by 

 Lieut. Whipple. 2 The former made six of these languages, but his first and fourth 

 appear to be identical. It is not improbable that the present number will hereafter 

 be reduced. The people still speak their native dialects with the single exception 

 of the Indians of the Pueblo of Lentis, who have adopted the Spanish language. 

 Lieut. Simpson classifies the dialects of the seven Moqui Pueblos, as one, although 

 according to the statements of Lieut. Ives there may be some doubt upon the 

 question. The latter remarks as follows : " A singular statement made by the 

 Moquis is that they do not all speak the same language. At Oraybe some of the 

 Indians actually professed to be unable to understand what was said by the Moos- 

 hahneh chief, and the latter told me that the language of the two towns was differ- 

 ent. At Tegwa they say that a third distinct tongue is spoken. These Indians 

 are identical in race, manners, habits, and mode of living. They reside within a 

 circuit of ten miles, and, save for the occasional visit of a member of some other 

 tribe, have been for centuries isolated from the rest of the world." 3 The differ- 

 ences referred to may be simply dialectical. 



1 Report TJ. S. Senate, Docs. No. 64. 1st Session, 31st Congress, 1849-1850, v. 14, p. 140. 

 1 Explorations, &c., for a Railroad Route to the Pacific, v. iii., Rep. Ind. Tribes, p. 94. 

 Colorado Exploring Expedition, 1857-1858, p. 12?. 



