270 



SYSTEMS OF CONSANGUINITY AND AFFINITY 



would follow that two migrations from that continent to the American remain to 

 be explained, one of which must have preceded the other by a long interval of 

 time. 



Our knowledge of the Eskimo is even more limited than it is of the other Ameri- 



Dr. Morton's "Table of Anatomical Measurements" (page 257), certain skulls of American Indians 

 agreeing respectively with the four Eskimo skulls in internal capacity, and ascertain the amount of 

 difference by a comparison of their specific measurements. The following table shows the relative 

 measurements. 



The difference of half a cubic inch in the internal capacity ol a skull of eighty-seven cubic inches 

 and upwards would scarcely be appreciated in the specific measurements. It appears, then, by the 

 comparison of the measurements of the Eskimo, Cayuga, and Oneida skulls, that the greatest differ- 

 ence i-n any one measurement is five-tenths of an inch ; and that the differences between the Cayuga 

 and Oneida skulls are as great as between the Eskimo and Cayuga, or between the Eskimo and the 

 Oneida. Dr. Morton refers particularly to three points of difference, the first of which is the "nar- 

 row," and the second is the "elongated" form of the Eskimo skulls, and the third is "the contrac- 

 tion of the facial angle." It will be observed that the Cayuga skull is narrower than the Eskimo by 

 three-tenths of an inch, while the Oneida is wider by two-tenths. Secondly, that the Cayuga skull 

 is longer by three-tenths of an inch, while the Oneida is of the same length as the Eskimo. The 

 facial angles are respectively 72, 78, and 74. 



If we next compare the measurements of the second Eskimo skull with those of the Atacames and 

 Seminole, it will be seen that the greatest difference in any one measurement is nine-tenths of an inch, 

 and that the differences between the Atacames and the Seminole are less than between the Eskimo 

 and the Seminole, and about the same as between the Eskimo and the Atacames. In parietal 

 diameter the Eskimo and Atacames are the same, and but a tenth of an inch narrower than the 

 Seminole ; while in longitudinal diameter, the Eskimo is one-tenth of an inch longer than the Ata- 

 cames, and four-tenths of an inch longer than the Seminole. The facial angles are respectively 75, 

 76, and 75. 



Lastly, a similar comparison of the measurements of the third Eskimo skull with those of the 

 Menominee and the Cherokee will show that the greatest difference in any one measurement is one 

 and four-tenth inches ; and that the differences between the Menominee and Cherokee are less than 

 between the Eskimo and the Menominee, and about the same as between the Eskimo and the Chero- 

 kee. The Eskimo skull is one-tenth of an inch narrower than the Menominee, and seven-tenths nar- 



